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Articles, Development/Plasticity/Repair

Functional Reinnervation of the Rat Lower Urinary Tract after Cauda Equina Injury and Repair

Thao X. Hoang, Victor Pikov and Leif A. Havton
Journal of Neuroscience 23 August 2006, 26 (34) 8672-8679; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1259-06.2006
Thao X. Hoang
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Victor Pikov
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Leif A. Havton
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Abstract

Conus medullaris and/or cauda equina forms of spinal cord injury commonly result in a permanent loss of bladder function. Here, we developed a cauda equina injury and repair rodent model to investigate whether surgical implantation of avulsed lumbosacral ventral roots into the spinal cord can promote functional recovery of the lower urinary tract. Adult female rats underwent sham surgery (n = 6), bilateral L5–S2 ventral root avulsion (VRA) injury (n = 5), or bilateral L5–S2 VRA followed by an acute implantation of the avulsed L6 and S1 ventral roots into the conus medullaris (n = 6). At 12 weeks after operation, the avulsed group demonstrated urinary retention, absence of bladder contractions and external urethral sphincter (EUS) electromyographic (EMG) activation during urodynamic recordings, increased bladder size, and retrograde death of autonomic and motoneurons in the spinal cord. In contrast, the implanted group showed reduced urinary retention, return of reflexive bladder voiding contractions coincident with EUS EMG activation, anatomical reinnervation of the EUS demonstrated by retrograde neuronal labeling, normalization of bladder size, and a significant neuroprotection of both autonomic and motoneurons. In addition, a positive correlation between motoneuronal survival and voiding efficiency was observed in the implanted group. Our results show that implantation of avulsed lumbosacral ventral roots into the spinal cord promotes reinnervation of the urinary tract and return of functional micturition reflexes, suggesting that this surgical repair strategy may also be of clinical interest after conus medullaris and cauda equina injuries.

  • bladder
  • autonomic
  • regeneration
  • spinal cord
  • ventral root avulsion
  • urodynamic
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The Journal of Neuroscience: 26 (34)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 26, Issue 34
23 Aug 2006
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Functional Reinnervation of the Rat Lower Urinary Tract after Cauda Equina Injury and Repair
Thao X. Hoang, Victor Pikov, Leif A. Havton
Journal of Neuroscience 23 August 2006, 26 (34) 8672-8679; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1259-06.2006

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Functional Reinnervation of the Rat Lower Urinary Tract after Cauda Equina Injury and Repair
Thao X. Hoang, Victor Pikov, Leif A. Havton
Journal of Neuroscience 23 August 2006, 26 (34) 8672-8679; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1259-06.2006
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