Article Information
- Received August 2, 2007
- Revision received September 5, 2007
- Accepted September 5, 2007
- First published October 31, 2007.
- Version of record published October 31, 2007.
Author Information
- Andrew H. Fagg1,
- Nicholas G. Hatsopoulos3,4,5,
- Victor de Lafuente6,
- Karen A. Moxon7,
- Shamim Nemati2,
- James M. Rebesco8,
- Ranulfo Romo6,
- Sara A. Solla8,9,
- Jake Reimer3,
- Dennis Tkach4,
- Eric A. Pohlmeyer8,10, and
- Lee E. Miller8,10
- 1School of Computer Science and
- 2Department of Mathematics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019,
- 3Committee on Neurobiology,
- 4Committee on Computational Neuroscience, and
- 5Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637,
- 6Institute of Cellular Physiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico,
- 7School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104,
- 8Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and
- Departments of 9Physics and Astronomy and
- 10Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208
- Correspondence should be addressed to Lee E. Miller, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611. lm{at}northwestern.edu
Author contributions
Disclosures
- Received August 2, 2007.
- Revision received September 5, 2007.
- Accepted September 5, 2007.
-
We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Greg Ojakangas (Department of Physics, Drury University, Springfield, MO) for the development of the inverse dynamics model that was used to calculate joint torque. Discussions with Dr. Ferdinando Mussa-Ivaldi (Departments of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL) and Dr. Andrew Barto (Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA) were instrumental in the experimental design, data analysis, and interpretation of the work reported by Drs. Fagg, Hatsopoulos, Miller, and Solla. Hatsopoulos has stock ownership in a company, Cyberkinetics Neurotechnology Systems, Inc., that fabricates and sells the multielectrode arrays and acquisition system used in his study.
- Correspondence should be addressed to Lee E. Miller, Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611. lm{at}northwestern.edu
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