Electrical Stimulation of Spared Corticospinal Axons Augments Connections with Ipsilateral Spinal Motor Circuits after Injury

Stimulation (Stim) and injury alone and in combination (Inj+Stim) augment total ipsilateral CS termination axon length. A, Total average ipsilateral axon length in the controls, stimulation alone, injury alone, and combined injury and stimulation. Stimulation (p = 0.011) and injury (p = 0.003) alone each augmented total axon length significantly compared with control. Combined, there was a larger increase (p = 0.002). p values were calculated from t test with Bonferroni/Dunn correction. B, Ventral ipsilateral axon length in the controls, stimulation alone, injury alone, and combined condition (ANOVA, F = 7.37; p = 003). Combined stimulation and injury significantly augmented axon length in this region compared with injury alone (t test; p = 0.04).