Human Insula Activation Reflects Risk Prediction Errors As Well As Risk

Kerstin Preuschoff; Steven R. Quartz; Peter Bossaerts

doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4286-07.2008

Article Information

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4286-07.2008

PubMed

18337404

Published By

Society for Neuroscience

History

Received September 19, 2007
Revision received January 11, 2008
Accepted January 14, 2008
First published March 12, 2008.

Version of record published March 12, 2008.

Author Information

Kerstin Preuschoff¹,⁴,
Steven R. Quartz¹,², and
Peter Bossaerts¹,²,³

¹Computation and Neural Systems Program and
²Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125,
³Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, and
⁴Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland

Correspondence should be addressed to Kerstin Preuschoff, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Bluemlisalpstrasse 10, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.

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Disclosures

Received September 19, 2007.
Revision received January 11, 2008.
Accepted January 14, 2008.

This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant 0093757, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Swiss Finance Institute. We thank members of the Social Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory for helpful comments. We thank Steven Flaherty for technical assistance.
Correspondence should be addressed to Kerstin Preuschoff, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, Bluemlisalpstrasse 10, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Mar 2008	921	119	401
Apr 2008	120	66	101
May 2008	155	46	80
Jun 2008	104	37	52
Jul 2008	88	45	65
Aug 2008	80	21	28
Sep 2008	68	54	42
Oct 2008	136	66	120
Nov 2008	83	62	90
Dec 2008	43	41	60
Total 2008	1798	557	1039
Jan 2009	82	39	68
Feb 2009	70	47	57
Mar 2009	63	44	44
Apr 2009	87	48	60
May 2009	111	48	60
Jun 2009	44	45	58
Jul 2009	43	33	42
Aug 2009	45	39	50
Sep 2009	53	36	52
Oct 2009	77	40	56
Nov 2009	69	46	78
Dec 2009	49	39	57
Total 2009	793	504	682
Jan 2010	52	44	95
Feb 2010	48	49	54
Mar 2010	58	45	43
Apr 2010	40	50	39
May 2010	55	48	62
Jun 2010	45	43	46
Jul 2010	42	65	51
Aug 2010	51	43	39
Sep 2010	39	28	40
Oct 2010	37	35	30
Nov 2010	72	45	65
Dec 2010	48	38	38
Total 2010	587	533	602
Jan 2011	59	44	64
Feb 2011	33	29	40
Mar 2011	70	40	43
Apr 2011	57	37	39
May 2011	73	42	45
Jun 2011	62	38	43
Jul 2011	37	24	30
Aug 2011	53	24	31
Sep 2011	50	34	32
Oct 2011	65	31	43
Nov 2011	68	44	38
Dec 2011	62	35	26
Total 2011	689	422	474
Jan 2012	69	35	30
Feb 2012	63	31	32
Mar 2012	78	46	51
Apr 2012	94	37	42
May 2012	58	41	32
Jun 2012	66	36	35
Jul 2012	56	40	31
Aug 2012	68	44	53
Sep 2012	64	23	24
Oct 2012	91	40	53
Nov 2012	114	31	34
Dec 2012	117	24	39
Total 2012	938	428	456
Jan 2013	67	33	115
Feb 2013	89	29	25
Mar 2013	95	46	53
Apr 2013	83	45	42
May 2013	84	44	27
Jun 2013	52	30	26
Jul 2013	49	35	33
Aug 2013	54	26	19
Sep 2013	46	41	33
Oct 2013	83	43	34
Nov 2013	57	32	29
Dec 2013	57	32	29
Total 2013	816	436	465
Jan 2014	62	45	33
Feb 2014	52	25	32
Mar 2014	62	44	35
Apr 2014	95	30	37
May 2014	86	32	30
Jun 2014	91	34	18
Jul 2014	59	44	39
Aug 2014	43	50	27
Sep 2014	62	29	27
Oct 2014	75	40	39
Nov 2014	79	53	41
Dec 2014	86	86	28
Total 2014	852	512	386
Jan 2015	60	50	23
Feb 2015	88	31	20
Mar 2015	169	44	40
Apr 2015	92	43	42
May 2015	75	36	27
Jun 2015	103	45	44
Jul 2015	105	38	28
Aug 2015	63	25	21
Sep 2015	74	30	19
Oct 2015	75	43	37
Nov 2015	64	29	26
Dec 2015	88	30	27
Total 2015	1056	444	354
Jan 2016	67	33	34
Feb 2016	77	44	39
Mar 2016	104	35	37
Apr 2016	85	34	33
May 2016	77	50	32
Jun 2016	58	40	30
Jul 2016	66	38	29
Aug 2016	66	30	31
Sep 2016	69	20	33
Oct 2016	65	49	30
Nov 2016	23	52	30
Dec 2016	31	77	24
Total 2016	788	502	382
Jan 2017	38	165	20
Feb 2017	46	106	42
Mar 2017	29	73	27
Apr 2017	31	66	61
May 2017	25	135	31
Jun 2017	35	66	25
Jul 2017	32	86	34
Aug 2017	73	88	46
Sep 2017	27	50	29
Oct 2017	30	117	50
Nov 2017	29	89	26
Dec 2017	18	56	29
Total 2017	413	1097	420
Jan 2018	34	81	36
Feb 2018	21	59	35
Mar 2018	32	69	29
Apr 2018	36	79	34
May 2018	26	59	20
Jun 2018	36	71	25
Jul 2018	21	59	33
Aug 2018	18	92	37
Sep 2018	30	85	48
Oct 2018	34	85	44
Nov 2018	25	82	47
Dec 2018	15	77	44
Total 2018	328	898	432
Jan 2019	20	101	40
Feb 2019	21	65	36
Mar 2019	22	64	31
Apr 2019	29	83	45
May 2019	300	90	42
Jun 2019	312	74	42
Jul 2019	16	56	33
Aug 2019	13	119	38
Sep 2019	24	122	22
Oct 2019	28	121	37
Nov 2019	39	55	39
Dec 2019	28	91	36
Total 2019	852	1041	441
Jan 2020	22	61	43
Feb 2020	7	52	31
Mar 2020	17	57	43
Apr 2020	27	48	44
May 2020	20	71	33
Jun 2020	140	51	38
Jul 2020	41	30	36
Aug 2020	3	11	5
Total 2020	277	381	273
Total	10187	7755	6406