Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Example axial slices from a single subject at birth, 1, and 2 years. CSF (blue), GM (gray matter; green), myelinated WM (white matter; red), unmyelinated WM (brown).
- Figure 2.
Scatterplots showing brain growth in the first 2 years of life. a, Total brain volume by age at scan. b, Cortical hemispheres. c, Cerebellum. d, Subcortical region and brainstem.
- Figure 3.
Gray and white matter growth in the first two years of life. a, Scatterplot of absolute gray and white matter volumes by age at scan. b, Scatterplot of gray and white matter volumes as a percentage of total brain volume.
Tables
Available scans N Neonate scan only 50 1 year scan only 7 2 year scan only 1 Neonate + 1 year scan 15 Neonate + 2 year scan 12 1 year + 2 year scan 6 Neonate + 1 year + 2 year scan 7 Factor Mean (SD) Gestational age at birth (weeks) 39.53 (1.30) Age at scan 1 (months) 0.75 (0.31) Age at scan 2 (months) 12.75 (0.71) Age at scan 3 (months) 24.79 (0.67) Birth weight (g) 3428.74 (486.65) Maternal education (total in years) 15.74 (3.05) Total household income 66,361.18 (49,867.30) Region Neonate 1 year 2 year Percentage change: 95% CI (neonate to 1 year) Percentage change: 95% CI (1 year–2 year) ANOVA ANCOVA (adjusted for TBV) ANOVA ANCOVA (adjusted for TBV) TBV 425,387 (4806) 855,540 (12,492) 983,866 (15,393) 95–107%* N/A 11–19%* N/A Cerebral hemispheres 370,685 (4185) 699,378 (10,199) 804,501 (12,577) 83–94%* −6 to −5%* 11–19%* −1 to 1% Cerebellum 26,985 (371) 91,962 (1712) 105,154 (2084) 228–253%* 71–83%* 10–19%* −1 to 9%† Subcortical + brainstem 27,679 (453) 64,214 (868) 73,227 (1140) 126–138%* 18–22%* 11–18%* −2 to 5% Hemispheric gray 206,480 (2396) 514,048 (6679) 588,441 (9100) 143–155%* 25–29%* 11–18%* 2–4% Hemispheric white 164,433 (1901) 183,280 (4122) 217,883 (5142) 6–16%* −60 to −56%* 13–24%* −24 to −4%† Lateral ventricles 2109 (149) 8069 (723) 7406 (786) 213–352%* −73 to −22% −28 to 11% −160 to −17%* Right caudate N/A 3221 (69) 3778 (83) N/A N/A 12–23%* 1–11%‡ Left caudate N/A 3012 (68) 3607 (91) N/A N/A 14–26%* 3–15%‡ Right hippocampus N/A 2113 (39) 2377 (65) N/A N/A 6–19%† −4 to 7% Left hippocampus N/A 2075 (43) 2367 (68) N/A N/A 7–21%† −6 to 6% -
All volumes are mean (SD) in mm3. *p < 0.0001, †p < 0.001, ‡p ≤ 0.05.
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N/A, Not applicable.
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