Long-Term Memory Leads to Synaptic Reorganization in the Mushroom Bodies: A Memory Trace in the Insect Brain?

This work received financial support from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Paul-Sabatier to J.C.S. and J.M.D., and from a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant (SFB554-A8) to W.R. We thank Sandrine Paute for beekeeping and the collection of bees at emergence. The SYNORPH1 anti-synapsin I antibody developed by Erich Buchner was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank developed under the auspices of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and maintained by The University of Iowa, Department of Biological Sciences, Iowa City, IA.