Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Model of fast and slow processes that support motor adaptation. A , Participants train on a null field, train for many trials in field A, then train briefly in field B (an opposing field). After performing an interfering task, participants complete error-clamp trials in which they make movements without error. B , If there is no interference, the motor output exhibits “spontaneous recovery” (dashed black line). C , Here, a declarative task occurs immediately after field B training. The task may interfere with the fast component, thereby altering the patterns of spontaneous recovery.
- Figure 2.
A , Experiment 1 experiment design (top) and performance (bottom). Participants train in a null block (no perturbation), followed by field A (positive perturbation), field B (negative perturbation), and a test block (100% error-clamp trials). Inset shows the initial trials of the test block. The “nonmemory task” and “no task” groups exhibit spontaneous recovery, but the “memory task” group does not. B , Experiment 2 design (top) and performance (bottom). Participants train in a null block (no perturbation), followed by field B (negative perturbation) and a test block (100% error-clamp trials). The memory task disrupts the memory of field B. Vertical tick marks indicate error-clamp trials in the experiment design subfigure. Shaded regions of the data indicate SEM.
- Figure 3.
Experiment 3 design (top) and performance (bottom). Participants train in a null block (no perturbation), followed by field A (positive perturbation) and a test block (100% error-clamp trials). The long period of training produced a motor memory that was not affected by the memory task. The memory task disrupts the memory of field B. Vertical tick marks indicate error-clamp trials in the experiment design subfigure. Shaded regions of the data indicate SEM.
- Figure 4.
A , Experiment 4 design (top) and performance (bottom). Inset shows the initial trials of the test (error-clamp) block. Participants train in a null block (no perturbation), followed by field A (positive perturbation), field B (negative perturbation), a 6 h delay, and then a test block (100% error-clamp trials). B , Experiment 5 design (top) and performance (bottom). Participants train in a null block (no perturbation), followed by field A (positive perturbation), a 6 h delay, then a test block (100% error-clamp trials). The memory task disrupts the memory of field B. Vertical tick marks indicate error-clamp trials in the experiment design subfigure. Shaded regions indicate SEM.
