Skip to main content

Main menu

  • HOME
  • CONTENT
    • Early Release
    • Featured
    • Current Issue
    • Issue Archive
    • Collections
    • Podcast
  • ALERTS
  • FOR AUTHORS
    • Information for Authors
    • Fees
    • Journal Clubs
    • eLetters
    • Submit
    • Special Collections
  • EDITORIAL BOARD
    • Editorial Board
    • ECR Advisory Board
    • Journal Staff
  • ABOUT
    • Overview
    • Advertise
    • For the Media
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Privacy Policy
    • Feedback
    • Accessibility
  • SUBSCRIBE

User menu

  • Log out
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Journal of Neuroscience
  • Log out
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Journal of Neuroscience

Advanced Search

Submit a Manuscript
  • HOME
  • CONTENT
    • Early Release
    • Featured
    • Current Issue
    • Issue Archive
    • Collections
    • Podcast
  • ALERTS
  • FOR AUTHORS
    • Information for Authors
    • Fees
    • Journal Clubs
    • eLetters
    • Submit
    • Special Collections
  • EDITORIAL BOARD
    • Editorial Board
    • ECR Advisory Board
    • Journal Staff
  • ABOUT
    • Overview
    • Advertise
    • For the Media
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Privacy Policy
    • Feedback
    • Accessibility
  • SUBSCRIBE
PreviousNext
This Week in The Journal

This Week in The Journal

Journal of Neuroscience 20 July 2011, 31 (29) i
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • eLetters
  • PDF
Loading

Embedded Image Cellular/Molecular

Direction Selectivity Map Exists in Adult Barrel Cortex

Yves Kremer, Jean-François Léger, Dan Goodman, Romain Brette, and Laurent Bourdieu

(see pages 10689–10700)

Orderly mapping of response properties exists in sensory cortex. In rodents, the barrel cortex maps the facial whisker pad, with each vibrissa represented by a single barrel. Within the cortical map of the visual field, properties such as preferred orientation are organized on a finer spatial scale. Because rats whisk objects for identification and navigation, one might expect the barrel cortex to have an orderly mapping of whisker-direction selectivity analogous to the mapping of orientation selectivity in visual cortex. Electrophysiological recordings have provided evidence for such a map, but two-photon imaging has not. Kremer et al. suggest this discrepancy resulted from age differences in studies using the different approaches. They found that although neurons in young barrel cortex showed directional tuning, there was no apparent spatial organization for preferred direction. In contrast, a direction selectivity map was apparent in year-old rats, with neurons preferring deflection toward a nearby vibrissa usually located near the corresponding barrel.

Embedded Image Development/Plasticity/Repair

Motor Circuit Development Requires Patterned Activity

Sarah J. Crisp, Jan Felix Evers, and Michael Bate

(see pages 10445–10450)

Many developing sensory circuits rely on patterned activity to sculpt connections and refine maps. Developing motor circuits exhibit spontaneous activity, but whether this is required for proper wiring is unknown. Crisp et al. investigated this question in Drosophila embryos, which initially have uncoordinated muscle contractions, but acquire left–right synchronized and anterior–posterior progressing contractions before hatching. Preventing synaptic transmission during this transition delayed the emergence of coordinated movements. Interestingly, preventing transmission for a smaller fraction of this period caused a correspondingly smaller delay in coordination, suggesting that a set period of uncoordinated activity is required for proper circuit formation. Muscle contraction was not required for coordination to develop, but sensory input was, and increasing sensory stimulation optogenetically accelerated the emergence of coordinated activity. Eliciting synchronous, unpatterned activity in all neurons, however, prevented the emergence of coordination, indicating that patterned activity is required for the coordinated circuit to mature.

Embedded Image Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive

Cdk5 Regulates Axon Initial Segment Length

Svetlana Trunova, Brian Baek, and Edward Giniger

(see pages 10451–10462)

Like many invertebrate neurons, Drosophila mushroom-body γ-neurons are unipolar: they possess one primary neurite from which dendritic and axonal segments emerge. Nonetheless, axonal and dendritic proteins are sorted appropriately. Trunova et al. noticed, however, that an ∼15 μm section of the primary neurite distal to the site of dendrite emergence was not labeled by axonal, dendritic, or synaptic markers. The region appeared to have a specialized F-actin cytoskeleton, and it was enriched in ankyrin, a protein that marks mammalian axon initial segments (AISs), suggesting it is a homologous structure. Indeed, the analogous region was previously shown to be the site of axon potential generation in other Drosophila neurons. The length of the AIS-like structure was regulated by cyclin-dependent kinase cdk5, a protein involved in axonal patterning and synaptic plasticity in mammals. Reducing cdk5 activity shortened the structure, whereas increasing cdk5 activity lengthened the region. If cdk5 similarly regulates the mammalian AIS, this may play a role in neuronal plasticity.

Figure
  • Download figure
  • Open in new tab
  • Download powerpoint

In the mushroom body of Drosophila larvae, a region (demarcated by arrows) of γ-neurons excludes both somatodendritic (left, green) and axonal (left, red) proteins. Ankyrin (right) is enriched in this area. See the article by Trunova et al. for details.

Embedded Image Neurobiology of Disease

Seizure-Induced VEGF Release Disrupts the Blood–Brain Barrier

Mélanie Morin-Brureau, Aurore Lebrun, Marie-Claude Rousset, Laurent Fagni, Joël Bockaert, et al.

(see pages 10677–10688)

Epileptic seizures can disrupt the blood–brain barrier, and subsequent leakage of serum proteins into the brain promotes further epileptiform activity. The blood–brain barrier is created by endothelial cells that are connected by tight junctions, which are maintained by astrocytic end feet that ensheath blood vessels. Morin-Brureau et al. found that induction of seizure-like events in organotypic rat hippocampal cultures by kainate application reduced expression of the tight-junction scaffolding protein zonula occludens (ZO-1). Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability, also increased, as did vascular branching. Binding of VEGF to its receptor VEGFR-2 activates protein kinase C (PKC) and Src kinase. Inhibiting the former prevented the kainate-induced increase in branching, whereas inhibiting the latter prevented down-regulation of ZO-1. Because increased blood vascularization is potentially beneficial, whereas disrupting the blood–brain barrier is harmful, targeting VEGF-dependent Src signaling might improve outcomes after seizure.

Back to top

In this issue

The Journal of Neuroscience: 31 (29)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 31, Issue 29
20 Jul 2011
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • About the Cover
  • Index by author
  • Advertising (PDF)
  • Ed Board (PDF)
Email

Thank you for sharing this Journal of Neuroscience article.

NOTE: We request your email address only to inform the recipient that it was you who recommended this article, and that it is not junk mail. We do not retain these email addresses.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
This Week in The Journal
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of Neuroscience
(Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Journal of Neuroscience.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Print
View Full Page PDF
Citation Tools
This Week in The Journal
Journal of Neuroscience 20 July 2011, 31 (29) i

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Respond to this article
Request Permissions
Share
This Week in The Journal
Journal of Neuroscience 20 July 2011, 31 (29) i
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Cellular/Molecular
    • Development/Plasticity/Repair
    • Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
    • Neurobiology of Disease
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • eLetters
  • PDF

Responses to this article

Respond to this article

Jump to comment:

No eLetters have been published for this article.

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • This Week in The Journal
  • This Week in The Journal
  • This Week in The Journal
Show more This Week in The Journal
  • Home
  • Alerts
  • Follow SFN on BlueSky
  • Visit Society for Neuroscience on Facebook
  • Follow Society for Neuroscience on Twitter
  • Follow Society for Neuroscience on LinkedIn
  • Visit Society for Neuroscience on Youtube
  • Follow our RSS feeds

Content

  • Early Release
  • Current Issue
  • Issue Archive
  • Collections

Information

  • For Authors
  • For Advertisers
  • For the Media
  • For Subscribers

About

  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Board
  • Privacy Notice
  • Contact
  • Accessibility
(JNeurosci logo)
(SfN logo)

Copyright © 2025 by the Society for Neuroscience.
JNeurosci Online ISSN: 1529-2401

The ideas and opinions expressed in JNeurosci do not necessarily reflect those of SfN or the JNeurosci Editorial Board. Publication of an advertisement or other product mention in JNeurosci should not be construed as an endorsement of the manufacturer’s claims. SfN does not assume any responsibility for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to any use of any material contained in JNeurosci.