Article Information
- Received August 26, 2011
- Revision received October 24, 2011
- Accepted November 1, 2011
- First published January 11, 2012.
- Version of record published January 11, 2012.
Author Information
- Michael V. Lombardo1,
- Emma Ashwin1,2,
- Bonnie Auyeung1,
- Bhismadev Chakrabarti1,3,
- Kevin Taylor4,
- Gerald Hackett5,
- Edward T. Bullmore6, and
- Simon Baron-Cohen1
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8AH, United Kingdom,
- 2Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom,
- 3Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics, School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, United Kingdom,
- 4Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom,
- 5Department of Fetal Medicine, Rosie Maternity Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom, and
- 6Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, United Kingdom
Author contributions
Author contributions: E.A., G.H., and S.B.-C. designed research; E.A. and B.A. performed research; M.V.L. and K.T. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; M.V.L. analyzed data; M.V.L., B.A., B.C., E.T.B., and S.B.-C. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
- Received August 26, 2011.
- Revision received October 24, 2011.
- Accepted November 1, 2011.
This work was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust and the MRC (to S.B.-C. and E.T.B.) and was conducted in association with the NIHR CLAHRC for Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Foundation National Health Services Trust. M.V.L., B.C., and B.A. were supported by Research Fellowships from Jesus, Darwin, and Wolfson Colleges, respectively. FT assays were made possible by a grant to S.B.-C. from the Nancy Lurie Marks Family Foundation. We thank John Suckling, Meng-Chuan Lai, Amber Ruigrok, and Rebecca Knickmeyer for valuable comments and discussions. We also thank the families who have taken part in this longitudinal study. Finally, we thank the NIH Pediatric MRI Data Repository created by the NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development. This is a multisite, longitudinal study of typically developing children, from newborns to young adults, conducted by the Brain Development Cooperative Group and supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Contract numbers N01-HD02-3343, N01-MH9-0002, and N01-NS-9-2314, -2315, -2316, -2317, -2319, and -2320). A listing of the participating sites and a complete listing of the study investigators can be found at https://nihpd.crbs.ucsd.edu/nihpd/info/participating_centers.html.
This manuscript reflects the views of the authors and may not reflect the opinions or views of the Brain Development Cooperative Group Investigators or the NIH.
E.T.B. is half-time used by the University of Cambridge and half-time by GlaxoSmithKline. The other authors declare no competing financial interests.
- Correspondence should be addressed to either Michael V. Lombardo or Simon Baron-Cohen, Autism Research Centre, Douglas House, 18B Trumpington Road, Cambridge CB2 8AH, UK. ml437{at}cam.ac.uk or sb205{at}cam.ac.uk
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