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Articles, Behavioral/Cognitive

Expectation and Attention in Hierarchical Auditory Prediction

Srivas Chennu, Valdas Noreika, David Gueorguiev, Alejandro Blenkmann, Silvia Kochen, Agustín Ibáñez, Adrian M. Owen and Tristan A. Bekinschtein
Journal of Neuroscience 3 July 2013, 33 (27) 11194-11205; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0114-13.2013
Srivas Chennu
1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom,
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Valdas Noreika
2Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdom,
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David Gueorguiev
2Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdom,
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Alejandro Blenkmann
3Epilepsy Section, Division of Neurology, Ramos Mejía Hospital, C1221ADC Buenos Aires, Argentina,
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Silvia Kochen
3Epilepsy Section, Division of Neurology, Ramos Mejía Hospital, C1221ADC Buenos Aires, Argentina,
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Agustín Ibáñez
4Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, Favaloro University, C1078AAI Buenos Aires, Argentina,
5Laboratory of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Diego Portales University, Manuel Rodríguez Sur 415, Santiago, Chile, and
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Adrian M. Owen
6The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Tristan A. Bekinschtein
2Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, United Kingdom,
4Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, Favaloro University, C1078AAI Buenos Aires, Argentina,
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Abstract

Hierarchical predictive coding suggests that attention in humans emerges from increased precision in probabilistic inference, whereas expectation biases attention in favor of contextually anticipated stimuli. We test these notions within auditory perception by independently manipulating top-down expectation and attentional precision alongside bottom-up stimulus predictability. Our findings support an integrative interpretation of commonly observed electrophysiological signatures of neurodynamics, namely mismatch negativity (MMN), P300, and contingent negative variation (CNV), as manifestations along successive levels of predictive complexity. Early first-level processing indexed by the MMN was sensitive to stimulus predictability: here, attentional precision enhanced early responses, but explicit top-down expectation diminished it. This pattern was in contrast to later, second-level processing indexed by the P300: although sensitive to the degree of predictability, responses at this level were contingent on attentional engagement and in fact sharpened by top-down expectation. At the highest level, the drift of the CNV was a fine-grained marker of top-down expectation itself. Source reconstruction of high-density EEG, supported by intracranial recordings, implicated temporal and frontal regions differentially active at early and late levels. The cortical generators of the CNV suggested that it might be involved in facilitating the consolidation of context-salient stimuli into conscious perception. These results provide convergent empirical support to promising recent accounts of attention and expectation in predictive coding.

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 33 (27)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 33, Issue 27
3 Jul 2013
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Expectation and Attention in Hierarchical Auditory Prediction
Srivas Chennu, Valdas Noreika, David Gueorguiev, Alejandro Blenkmann, Silvia Kochen, Agustín Ibáñez, Adrian M. Owen, Tristan A. Bekinschtein
Journal of Neuroscience 3 July 2013, 33 (27) 11194-11205; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0114-13.2013

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Expectation and Attention in Hierarchical Auditory Prediction
Srivas Chennu, Valdas Noreika, David Gueorguiev, Alejandro Blenkmann, Silvia Kochen, Agustín Ibáñez, Adrian M. Owen, Tristan A. Bekinschtein
Journal of Neuroscience 3 July 2013, 33 (27) 11194-11205; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0114-13.2013
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