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Articles, Neurobiology of Disease

Endocannabinoids in the Brainstem Modulate Dural Trigeminovascular Nociceptive Traffic via CB1 and “Triptan” Receptors: Implications in Migraine

Simon Akerman, Philip R. Holland, Michele P. Lasalandra and Peter J. Goadsby
Journal of Neuroscience 11 September 2013, 33 (37) 14869-14877; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0943-13.2013
Simon Akerman
Headache Group, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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Philip R. Holland
Headache Group, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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Michele P. Lasalandra
Headache Group, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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Peter J. Goadsby
Headache Group, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
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Abstract

Activation and sensitization of trigeminovascular nociceptive pathways is believed to contribute to the neural substrate of the severe and throbbing nature of pain in migraine. Endocannabinoids, as well as being physiologically analgesic, are known to inhibit dural trigeminovascular nociceptive responses. They are also involved in the descending modulation of cutaneous-evoked C-fiber spinal nociceptive responses from the brainstem. The purpose of this study was to determine whether endocannabinoids are involved in the descending modulation of dural and/or cutaneous facial trigeminovascular nociceptive responses, from the brainstem ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG). CB1 receptor activation in the vlPAG attenuated dural-evoked Aδ-fiber neurons (maximally by 19%) and basal spontaneous activity (maximally by 33%) in the rat trigeminocervical complex, but there was no effect on cutaneous facial receptive field responses. This inhibitory vlPAG-mediated modulation was inhibited by specific CB1 receptor antagonism, given via the vlPAG, and with a 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist, given either locally in the vlPAG or systemically. These findings demonstrate for the first time that brainstem endocannabinoids provide descending modulation of both basal trigeminovascular neuronal tone and Aδ-fiber dural-nociceptive responses, which differs from the way the brainstem modulates spinal nociceptive transmission. Furthermore, our data demonstrate a novel interaction between serotonergic and endocannabinoid systems in the processing of somatosensory nociceptive information, suggesting that some of the therapeutic action of triptans may be via endocannabinoid containing neurons in the vlPAG.

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 33 (37)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 33, Issue 37
11 Sep 2013
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Endocannabinoids in the Brainstem Modulate Dural Trigeminovascular Nociceptive Traffic via CB1 and “Triptan” Receptors: Implications in Migraine
Simon Akerman, Philip R. Holland, Michele P. Lasalandra, Peter J. Goadsby
Journal of Neuroscience 11 September 2013, 33 (37) 14869-14877; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0943-13.2013

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Endocannabinoids in the Brainstem Modulate Dural Trigeminovascular Nociceptive Traffic via CB1 and “Triptan” Receptors: Implications in Migraine
Simon Akerman, Philip R. Holland, Michele P. Lasalandra, Peter J. Goadsby
Journal of Neuroscience 11 September 2013, 33 (37) 14869-14877; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0943-13.2013
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