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Unstable Representation of Sound: A Biological Marker of Dyslexia

Jane Hornickel and Nina Kraus
Journal of Neuroscience 20 February 2013, 33 (8) 3500-3504; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4205-12.2013
Jane Hornickel
1Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and
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Nina Kraus
1Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and
2Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and
3Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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Abstract

Learning to read proceeds smoothly for most children, yet others struggle to translate verbal language into its written form. Poor readers often have a host of auditory, linguistic, and attention deficits, including abnormal neural representation of speech and inconsistent performance on psychoacoustic tasks. We hypothesize that this constellation of deficits associated with reading disorders arises from the human auditory system failing to respond to sound in a consistent manner, and that this inconsistency impinges upon the ability to relate phonology and orthography during reading. In support of this hypothesis, we show that poor readers have significantly more variable auditory brainstem responses to speech than do good readers, independent of resting neurophysiological noise levels. Thus, neural variability may be an underlying biological contributor to well established behavioral and neural deficits found in poor readers.

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 33 (8)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 33, Issue 8
20 Feb 2013
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Unstable Representation of Sound: A Biological Marker of Dyslexia
Jane Hornickel, Nina Kraus
Journal of Neuroscience 20 February 2013, 33 (8) 3500-3504; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4205-12.2013

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Unstable Representation of Sound: A Biological Marker of Dyslexia
Jane Hornickel, Nina Kraus
Journal of Neuroscience 20 February 2013, 33 (8) 3500-3504; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4205-12.2013
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