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Articles, Behavioral/Cognitive

Ceiling Effects Prevent Further Improvement of Transcranial Stimulation in Skilled Musicians

Shinichi Furuya, Matthias Klaus, Michael A. Nitsche, Walter Paulus and Eckart Altenmüller
Journal of Neuroscience 8 October 2014, 34 (41) 13834-13839; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1170-14.2014
Shinichi Furuya
1Institute for Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hanover 30175, Germany, and
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Matthias Klaus
1Institute for Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hanover 30175, Germany, and
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Michael A. Nitsche
2Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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Walter Paulus
2Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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Eckart Altenmüller
1Institute for Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media, Hanover 30175, Germany, and
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    Figure 1.

    Group means of the key-press and key-release timings of the first seven strokes in the pretest (top) and post-test (bottom), with the left hand in the RcLa condition in the expert pianists (left) and nonmusicians (right). A left and right edge of a black horizontal bar corresponds to timing of the key-press and key-release of each stroke, respectively. x-axis and y-axis indicates time and pitch, respectively. Time 0 indicates the moment of the initial stroke.

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    Figure 2.

    Group means of the change in the IKI-SD (A, B), CD-mean (C, D), and CD-SD (E, D) following the stimulation for the expert pianists (black) and nonmusicians (white) at the right (A, C, E) and left hand (B, D, F). x-axis indicates the stimulation protocols. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. Error bar indicates SEM within each of the groups.

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    Table 1.

    Baseline motor performance at the pretesta

    HandMotor performance (ms)
    PianistsNonmusicians
    RaLcRcLaShamRaLcRcLaSham
    IKI-SDRight10.6 (2.6)12.1 (3.8)11.4 (2.1)29.4 (7.3)27.0 (7.7)27.4 (8.7)
    Left10.8 (3.4)10.9 (2.6)11.4 (2.8)32.9 (15.2)30.0 (9.6)30.0 (7.9)
    CD-meanRight321.1 (40.4)311.4 (35.1)326.1 (42.2)404.4 (40.5)406.6 (39.5)398.6 (41.6)
    Left310.4 (31.3)318.1 (40.4)319.8 (41.5)404.1 (43.0)399.9 (38.0)389.9 (20.9)
    CD-SDRight23.4 (10.0)22.0 (8.7)23.7 (11.2)51.0 (33.5)48.4 (27.5)48.3 (23.4)
    Left20.8 (7.6)21.6 (9.1)19.6 (8.2)63.9 (46.8)56.5 (32.6)52.7 (25.0)
    • ↵a Values are mean (SD).

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 34 (41)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 34, Issue 41
8 Oct 2014
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Ceiling Effects Prevent Further Improvement of Transcranial Stimulation in Skilled Musicians
Shinichi Furuya, Matthias Klaus, Michael A. Nitsche, Walter Paulus, Eckart Altenmüller
Journal of Neuroscience 8 October 2014, 34 (41) 13834-13839; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1170-14.2014

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Ceiling Effects Prevent Further Improvement of Transcranial Stimulation in Skilled Musicians
Shinichi Furuya, Matthias Klaus, Michael A. Nitsche, Walter Paulus, Eckart Altenmüller
Journal of Neuroscience 8 October 2014, 34 (41) 13834-13839; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1170-14.2014
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Keywords

  • dexterity
  • expertise
  • motor cortex
  • motor skill acquisition
  • tDCS

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