Figure 5. Increased phasic dopamine and maladaptive risk-taking behavior following adolescent alcohol intake are reversed by a GABA(A) allosteric agonist. a, L-838,417 dose-dependently decreases PPT-evoked phasic dopamine release in control rats (one-way ANOVA; Bonferroni post hoc analysis; control vehicle n = 5, control 3 mg/kg n = 4, control 10 mg/kg n = 4). b, L-838,417 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases PPT-evoked phasic dopamine release in adulthood in both groups (two-way ANOVA main effect of adolescent treatment, two-way ANOVA main effect of drug; Bonferroni post hoc analysis; control vehicle n = 5, control 3 mg/kg n = 4, ethanol vehicle n = 6; ethanol 3 mg/kg n = 6). c, L-838,417 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) returns PPT-evoked dopamine release following adolescent ethanol intake to baseline control levels (two-way ANOVA main effect of adolescent treatment and main effect of drug; Bonferroni post hoc analysis; control vehicle n = 5, control 3 mg/kg n = 4, ethanol vehicle n = 6; alcohol 3 mg/kg n = 6). d, L-838,417 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) administered before behavioral sessions reverses maladaptive risk-taking behavior seen following adolescent ethanol intake (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA interaction; ethanol vehicle n = 7, ethanol 3 mg/kg n = 8) but has no effect on control rats (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA interaction; control vehicle n = 11, control 3 mg/kg n = 6). e, L-838,417 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) administered before behavioral sessions also reverses the risk preference score seen following adolescent ethanol intake (one-sample t test from a theoretical mean = 50.0: ethanol/vehicle-treated, n = 21, ethanol/L-838–417-treated, n = 24). f, L-838,417 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) administered before behavioral sessions reverses the increase in win-stay behavior following adolescent ethanol intake (three-way ANOVA interaction followed by separate two-way ANOVAs for win-stay and lose shift; Bonferroni post hoc analysis; control vehicle n = 11, control 3 mg/kg n = 6, ethanol vehicle n = 7, ethanol 3 mg/kg n = 7). Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001. n.s., Not significant.