Figure 5. Modulating the microglial response by blocking the IL-10 pathway. A–C, E–G, Real-time imaging of TLR2 induction in the olfactory bulb and brain, 24 h after LPS stimulation, in WT controls (A), SOD1G93A mice (B), and SOD1G93A mice treated with αIL-10R antibodies (C) and the respective real-time imaging of the spinal cord (E–G) show a significant LPS-induced microglial activation increase in αIL-10R-treated SOD1G93A compared to untreated SOD1G93A mice. D, Quantitative analysis of the photonic emissions in the head (WT, n = 19; SOD1G93A, n = 24; p = 0.0047; WT + LPS, n = 24; SOD1G93A + LPS, n = 20; p = 0.0273; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + LPS, n = 9; p = 0.0126). H, Quantitative analysis of the photonic emissions in the spinal cord (WT, n = 19; SOD1G93A, n = 22; p = 0.0119; WT + LPS, n = 16; SOD1G93A + LPS, n = 13; p = 0.0351; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + LPS, n = 8; p = 0.0005). I–K, Real-time imaging of TLR2 induction in the olfactory bulb and brain, 48 h following intracerebroventricular injection of mSOD1, in WT controls (I), SOD1G93A mice (J), and SOD1G93A mice treated with αIL-10R antibodies (K) shows a significant mSOD1-induced microglial activation increase in the SOD1G93A αIL-10R-treated mice. L, Quantitative analysis of the photonic emissions in the head (WT, n = 19; SOD1G93A, n = 24; p = 0.0047; WT + LPS, n = 10; SOD1G93A + LPS, n = 6; p = 0.0221; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + LPS, n = 7; p = 0.0490). M–P, Immunostaining of Iba1 after LPS stimulation in WT, SOD1G93A, and SODG93A +αIL-10R mice (M–O) and associated optical density quantification (P; WT + LPS, n = 5; SOD1G93A + LPS, n = 5; p = 0.0258; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + LPS, n = 5). Q–T, Immunostaining of Iba1 after mSOD1 intracerebroventricular stimulation in WT, SOD1G93A, and SODG93A + αIL-10R mice (Q–S) and associated optical density quantification (T; WT + mSOD1, n = 5; SOD1G93A + mSOD1, n = 5; p = 0.0161; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + mSOD1, n = 5). Scale bars: 100 μm. U, V, Western blots of Ym1 in WT, SOD1G93A, and SOD1G93A + αIL-10R brain extracts following mSOD1 intracerebroventricular stimulation (U) and optical density quantification (V) show a significant increase of Ym1 in the SOD1G93A + mSOD1 samples, but also a significant decrease of Ym1 levels in the SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + mSOD1 samples (WT + mSOD1, n = 3; SOD1G93A + mSOD1, n = 3; p = 0.0009; SOD1G93A + αIL-10R + mSOD1, n = 3; p < 0.0126). Error bars indicate SEM.