This image shows the two major cone bipolar cell types of primate retina synapsing with the terminal (pedicle) of a short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone photoreceptor. The pedicle's axon descends from the top of the figure (in partial transparency) and its base contains 17 synaptic ribbons (red) marking the sites of glutamate release. S cones are distinguished by their contacts with “blue-cone” bipolar cells (shades of blue-violet) whose dendrites form large endings close to the synaptic ribbons and are depolarized by light onset. An “OFF midget” bipolar cell (yellow) forms contacts at the base of the pedicle and is excited by light offset. These S OFF-midget bipolar cells initiate a unique private-line pathway from S cones to midget ganglion cells specialized for color coding. Yeon Jin Kim and Ursula Bertram helped with image preparation. For more information see the article by Wool et al. (pages 7893–7909).