Dopamine Signaling in Wake-Promoting Clock Neurons Is Not Required for the Normal Regulation of Sleep in Drosophila

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¹Neurobiology and Genetics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
²Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA), CONICET-Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, C1425FQD Buenos Aires, Argentina
³Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
⁴Advance Science Research Center, The City University of New York, New York 10031

M. Selcho's present address: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

Author contributions: C.H.-L., O.T.S., N.I.M., and C.H.-F. designed research; F.F.-C., C.H.-L., A.P., N.R., P.R.S., M.H., and M.S. performed research; T.Y. contributed unpublished reagents/analytic tools; F.F.-C., C.H.-L., A.P., N.R., P.R.S., M.H., M.S., and C.H.-F. analyzed data; O.T.S., N.I.M., and C.H.-F. wrote the paper.
↵*F.F.-C. and C.H.-L. contributed equally to this work.

M. Selcho's present address: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology, Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

This study was supported by German Research Foundation Grants Fo207/14-1 and PA3241/2-1 to C.H.F. and M.S., respectively; Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación Grant PICT-2015-2557 to N.I.M.; and FOCEM-Mercosur Grant COF 03/11 to the Biomedicine Research Institute of Buenos Aires; and by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Grant R01-NS-077933 and an National Science Foundation IOS (Integrative Organismal Systems) Grant 1354046 to O.T.S. We thank Serge Birman for providing the TH-Gal4 line and for profound discussions on dopamine effects; Jan Marek Ache for valuable discussion and editing of the manuscript; Indra Hering for help with the sleep experiments; and Barbara Mühlbauer for general excellent assistance.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
Correspondence should be addressed to Charlotte Helfrich-Förster at charlotte.foerster{at}biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de or Nara I. Muraro at nmuraro{at}ibioba-mpsp-conicet.gov.ar

German Research Foundation DFG
Fo207/14-1; PA3241/2-1
MINCyT | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT)
PICT-2015-2557
National Institutes of Health NINDS
R01NS077933
NSF IOS
1354046

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