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Research Articles, Systems/Circuits

Crossed Corticostriatal Projections in the Macaque Brain

Elena Borra, Dalila Biancheri, Marianna Rizzo, Fabio Leonardi and Giuseppe Luppino
Journal of Neuroscience 14 September 2022, 42 (37) 7060-7076; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0071-22.2022
Elena Borra
1Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy,
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Dalila Biancheri
1Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy,
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Marianna Rizzo
1Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy,
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Fabio Leonardi
2Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Giuseppe Luppino
1Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy,
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Abstract

In nonhuman primates, major input to the striatum originates from ipsilateral cortex and thalamus. The striatum is a target also of crossed corticostriatal (CSt) projections from the contralateral hemisphere, which have been so far somewhat neglected. In the present study, based on neural tracer injections in different parts of the striatum in macaques of either sex, we analyzed and compared qualitatively and quantitatively the distribution of labeled CSt cells in the two hemispheres. The results showed that crossed CSt projections to the caudate and the putamen can be relatively robust (up to 30% of total labeled cells). The origin of the direct and the crossed CSt projections was not symmetrical as the crossed ones originated almost exclusively from motor, prefrontal, and cingulate areas and not from parietal and temporal areas. Furthermore, there were several cases in which the contribution of contralateral areas tended to equal that of the ipsilateral ones. The present study is the first detailed description of this anatomic pathway of the macaque brain and provides the substrate for bilateral distribution of motor, motivational, and cognitive signals for reinforcement learning and selection of actions or action sequences, and for learning compensatory motor strategies after cortical stroke.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In nonhuman primates the striatum is a target of projections originating from the contralateral hemisphere (crossed CSt projections), which have been so far poorly investigated. The present study analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in the macaque brain the origin of the crossed CSt projections compared with those originating from the ipsilateral hemisphere. The results showed that crossed CSt projections originate mostly from frontal and rostral cingulate areas and in some cases their contribution tended to equal that from ipsilateral areas. These projections could provide the substrate for bilateral distribution of motor, motivational, and cognitive signals for reinforcement learning and action selection, and for learning compensatory motor strategies after cortical stroke.

  • basal ganglia
  • cingulate cortex
  • frontal cortex
  • interhemispheric transfer
  • monkey
  • striatum

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The Journal of Neuroscience: 42 (37)
Journal of Neuroscience
Vol. 42, Issue 37
14 Sep 2022
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Crossed Corticostriatal Projections in the Macaque Brain
Elena Borra, Dalila Biancheri, Marianna Rizzo, Fabio Leonardi, Giuseppe Luppino
Journal of Neuroscience 14 September 2022, 42 (37) 7060-7076; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0071-22.2022

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Crossed Corticostriatal Projections in the Macaque Brain
Elena Borra, Dalila Biancheri, Marianna Rizzo, Fabio Leonardi, Giuseppe Luppino
Journal of Neuroscience 14 September 2022, 42 (37) 7060-7076; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0071-22.2022
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Keywords

  • basal ganglia
  • cingulate cortex
  • frontal cortex
  • interhemispheric transfer
  • monkey
  • striatum

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