Article Information
- Received May 29, 2023
- Revision received October 31, 2023
- Accepted November 1, 2023
- First published December 18, 2023.
- Version of record published February 21, 2024.
Author Information
Author contributions
Author contributions: A.P., R.S., K.B., and D.F. designed research; A.P. performed research; A.P., R.S., and K.B. analyzed data; A.P. wrote the paper.
Disclosures
- Received May 29, 2023.
- Revision received October 31, 2023.
- Accepted November 1, 2023.
A.P. has been funded through a PhD research studentship from the Department of Psychology, King’s College London, and the Cusanuswerk. R.S was funded by Intelligent Games and Games Intelligence CDT (IGGI; EP/S022325/1). D.F. and K.B. were supported by an ESRC Secondary Data Analysis Initiative Grant (ES/T015861/1). For the purposes of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license to any accepted author manuscript version arising from this submission. Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (https://abcdstudy.org), held in the NIMH Data Archive (NDA). This is a multisite, longitudinal study designed to recruit more than 10,000 children aged 9–10 years and follow them over 10 years into early adulthood. The ABCD Study is supported by the National Institutes of Health and additional federal partners under the following award numbers: U01DA041048, U01DA050989, U01DA051016, U01DA041022, U01DA051018, U01DA051037, U01DA050987, U01DA041174, U01DA041106, U01DA041117, U01DA041028, U01DA041134, U01DA050988, U01DA051039, U01DA041156, U01DA041025, U01DA041120, U01DA051038, U01DA041148, U01DA041093, U01DA041089, U24DA041123, and U24DA041147. A full list of supporters is available at https://abcdstudy.org/federal-partners.html. A listing of participating sites and a complete listing of the study investigators can be found at https://abcdstudy.org/consortium_members/. ABCD consortium investigators designed and implemented the study and/or provided data but did not necessarily participate in the analysis or writing of this report. This manuscript reflects the views of the authors and may not reflect the opinions or views of the NIH or ABCD consortium investigators. The ABCD data repository grows and changes over time. The ABCD data used in this report came from NIMH Data Archive Digital Object Identifier: 10.15154/1526076. DOIs can be found at: https://nda.nih.gov/study.html?id=1527.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
- Correspondence should be addressed to Ayla Pollmann at ayla.pollmann{at}kcl.ac.uk.
Funding
Department of Psychology, King's College London
Stiftung Begabtenförderung Cusanuswerk (Foundation for Gifted Cusanuswerk)
UKRI | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
EP/S022325/1Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)
ES/T015861/1; ES/T015861/1
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