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Research Articles, Behavioral/Cognitive

Cortical overlap and cortical-hippocampal interactions predict subsequent true and false memory

Erik A. Wing, Benjamin R. Geib, Wei-Chun Wang, Zachary Monge, Simon W. Davis and Roberto Cabeza
Journal of Neuroscience 23 January 2020, 1766-19; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1766-19.2020
Erik A. Wing
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USARotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto ON, M6A 2E1, Canada
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Benjamin R. Geib
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Wei-Chun Wang
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USADepartment of Psychology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720
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Zachary Monge
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Simon W. Davis
Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Roberto Cabeza
Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Abstract

The declarative memory system allows us to accurately recognize a countless number of items and events, particularly those strengthened by repeated exposure. However, increased familiarity due to repetition can also lead to false recognition of related but new items, particularly when mechanisms supporting fine-grain mnemonic discrimination fail. The hippocampus is thought to be particularly important in separating overlapping cortical inputs during encoding so that similar experiences can be differentiated. In the current study of male and female human subjects, we examine how neural pattern similarity between repeated exemplars of a given concept (e.g. apple) influences true and false memory for target or lure images. Consistent with past work, we found that subsequent true recognition was related to pattern similarity between concept exemplars and the entire encoding set (global encoding similarity), particularly in ventral visual stream. In addition, memory for an individual target exemplar (a specific apple) could be predicted solely by the degree of pattern overlap between the other exemplars (different apple pictures) of that concept (concept-specific encoding similarity). Critically, subsequent false memory for lures was mitigated when high concept-specific similarity in cortical areas was accompanied by differentiated hippocampal representations of the corresponding exemplars. Furthermore, both true and false memory entailed the reinstatement of concept-related information at varying levels of specificity. These results link both true and false memory to a measure of concept strength expressed in the overlap of cortical representations, and importantly, illustrate how the hippocampus serves to separate concurrent cortical overlap in the service of detailed memory.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

In some instances, the same processes that help promote memory for a general idea or concept can also hinder more detailed memory judgments, which may involve differentiating between closely related items. The current study shows that increased overlap in cortical representations for conceptually-related pictures is associated with increased accurate recognition of repeated concept pictures. Whether similar lure items were falsely remembered as old further depended on the hippocampus, where the presence of more distinct representations protected again later false memory. This works suggests that the differentiability of brain patterns during perception is related to the differentiability of items in memory, but that fine-grain discrimination depends on the interaction between cortex and the hippocampus.

Footnotes

  • The authors declare no competing financial interests.

  • Funding: This research was funded by grant support from the National Institute of Aging grant # AG 019731

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Cortical overlap and cortical-hippocampal interactions predict subsequent true and false memory
Erik A. Wing, Benjamin R. Geib, Wei-Chun Wang, Zachary Monge, Simon W. Davis, Roberto Cabeza
Journal of Neuroscience 23 January 2020, 1766-19; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1766-19.2020

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Cortical overlap and cortical-hippocampal interactions predict subsequent true and false memory
Erik A. Wing, Benjamin R. Geib, Wei-Chun Wang, Zachary Monge, Simon W. Davis, Roberto Cabeza
Journal of Neuroscience 23 January 2020, 1766-19; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1766-19.2020
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