PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - A. M. Canudas AU - V. Di Giorgi-Gerevini AU - L. Iacovelli AU - G. Nano AU - M. D'Onofrio AU - A. Arcella AU - F. Giangaspero AU - C. Busceti AU - L. Ricci-Vitiani AU - G. Battaglia AU - F. Nicoletti AU - D. Melchiorri TI - PHCCC, a Specific Enhancer of Type 4 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, Reduces Proliferation and Promotes Differentiation of Cerebellar Granule Cell Neuroprecursors AID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3229-04.2004 DP - 2004 Nov 17 TA - The Journal of Neuroscience PG - 10343--10352 VI - 24 IP - 46 4099 - http://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/46/10343.short 4100 - http://www.jneurosci.org/content/24/46/10343.full SO - J. Neurosci.2004 Nov 17; 24 AB - Exposure of immature rat cerebellar granule cell cultures to the type 4 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu4) receptor enhancer N-phenyl-7-(hydroxyimino)cyclopropa[b]chromen-1a-carboxamide (PHCCC) reduced [3H]thymidine incorporation. Its action was sensitive to the growth conditions and was attenuated by two mGlu4 receptor antagonists. An antiproliferative action of PHCCC was also seen in cultures from wild-type, but not mGlu4, knock-out mice. At least in rat cultures, PHCCC was not neurotoxic and enhanced neuritogenesis. Although PHCCC reduced the increase in cAMP formation and phospho-AKT levels induced by forskolin, none of these transduction pathways significantly contributed to the reduction of [3H]thymidine incorporation. Interestingly, PHCCC reduced the expression of Gli-1, a transcription factor that mediates the mitogenic action of Sonic hedgehog. Finally, we treated newborn rats with PHCCC either intracerebrally (infusion of 5 nmol/2 μl in the cerebellar region once every other day) or systemically (5 mg/kg, i.p., once daily) from postnatal days 3-9. Local infusion of PHCCC induced substantial changes in the morphology of the developing cerebellum. In contrast, systemic injection of PHCCC induced only morphological abnormalities of the cerebellar lobule V, which became visible 11 d after the end of the treatment. These data suggest that mGlu4 receptors are involved in the regulation of cerebellar development.