RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Gamma Responses Correlate with Temporal Expectation in Monkey Primary Visual Cortex
JF The Journal of Neuroscience
JO J. Neurosci.
FD Society for Neuroscience
SP 15919
OP 15931
DO 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0957-11.2011
VO 31
IS 44
A1 Bruss Lima
A1 Wolf Singer
A1 Sergio Neuenschwander
YR 2011
UL http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/44/15919.abstract
AB Gamma oscillations have been linked to selective attention. Here, we investigate the effects of expecting a behaviorally relevant event (a change in the fixation point) on the oscillatory patterning of the local field potential and spiking responses in V1. Three protocols were used. In the first protocol, fixation point change occurred at a fixed time point, enabling predictions on task timing. In the second, fixation point change occurred in trial blocks either early or late in the trial, allowing us to compare responses during epochs of low and high expectation. Finally, we used a cue to indicate the upcoming fixation point change. All protocols led to an increase in gamma oscillations associated with alpha suppression when the monkeys expected an event in time. These effects were spatially widespread, since comparable results were observed for both central and peripheral visual representations in V1. Our findings indicate that expectations associated with perceptual decisions, motor responses, or upcoming reward may have a strong effect on the primary visual cortex, causing global, spatially nonselective modulation of gamma activity.