TY - JOUR T1 - Face Inversion Decreased Information about Facial Identity and Expression in Face-Responsive Neurons in Macaque Area TE JF - The Journal of Neuroscience JO - J. Neurosci. SP - 12457 LP - 12469 DO - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0485-14.2014 VL - 34 IS - 37 AU - Yasuko Sugase-Miyamoto AU - Narihisa Matsumoto AU - Kaoru Ohyama AU - Kenji Kawano Y1 - 2014/09/10 UR - http://www.jneurosci.org/content/34/37/12457.abstract N2 - To investigate the effect of face inversion and thatcherization (eye inversion) on temporal processing stages of facial information, single neuron activities in the temporal cortex (area TE) of two rhesus monkeys were recorded. Test stimuli were colored pictures of monkey faces (four with four different expressions), human faces (three with four different expressions), and geometric shapes. Modifications were made in each face-picture, and its four variations were used as stimuli: upright original, inverted original, upright thatcherized, and inverted thatcherized faces. A total of 119 neurons responded to at least one of the upright original facial stimuli. A majority of the neurons (71%) showed activity modulations depending on upright and inverted presentations, and a lesser number of neurons (13%) showed activity modulations depending on original and thatcherized face conditions. In the case of face inversion, information about the fine category (facial identity and expression) decreased, whereas information about the global category (monkey vs human vs shape) was retained for both the original and thatcherized faces. Principal component analysis on the neuronal population responses revealed that the global categorization occurred regardless of the face inversion and that the inverted faces were represented near the upright faces in the principal component analysis space. By contrast, the face inversion decreased the ability to represent human facial identity and monkey facial expression. Thus, the neuronal population represented inverted faces as faces but failed to represent the identity and expression of the inverted faces, indicating that the neuronal representation in area TE cause the perceptual effect of face inversion. ER -