Table 1.

Effects of various agents on survival of cultured CNS neurons

TreatmentMechanism testedConcentration range testedBrain region tested1-aCNS neuron survival1-bPC12 cell survival1-cReferenced
ZaprinastType V PDE inhibitor1–300 μmhpcnnMaurice and Haslam, 1990
IBMXGeneral PDE inhibitor10–100 μmhpcnyHartell, 1996
MilrinoneType III PDE inhibitor10–100 μmhpcnyMarcoz et al., 1993
TrequinsinGeneral PDE inhibitor10 nm–10 μmhpcnySparwasser et al., 1994
8-CPT-cAMPcAMP analog1–100 μmstr, hpcnyRydel and Greene, 1988
8-Br-cGMPcGMP analog10 μm–10 mmhpcnyFarinelli et al., 1996a
AdenosineAdo receptor agonist1–300 μmhpcnyZhang and Fredholm, 1994
NitrobenzylthioinosineAdo uptake blocker300 nm–100 μmhpcn?Thorn and Jarvis, 1996
PropentofyllineAdo uptake blocker1–300 μmhpcn?Zhang and Fredholm, 1994
DilazepAdo uptake blocker10 nm–100 μmhpcn?Thorn and Jarvis, 1996
VerapamilMDR inhibitor, Ca2+ channel blocker30 nm–300 μmhpcnnAyesh et al., 1996
Cyclosporin AMDR inhibitor, immunophilin3 nm–30 μmctx, hpcnnAyesh et al., 1996
IloprostProstacyclin analog100 nm–10 μmhpcn?Jackson et al., 1982
IndomethacinCyclooxygenase inhibitor3–300 μmhpcn?Jackson et al., 1982
DIDSChloride transport inhibitor300 nm–100 μmhpcn?Garcia and Lodish, 1989
DideoxyforskolinChloride transport inhibitor30 nm–20 μmhpcn?Sanchez-Olea et al., 1996
FlavopiridolCell cycle inhibitor, cdk inhibitor100–3 μmhpcnyPark et al., 1996
Ciclopirox olamineCell cycle inhibitor10 nm–3 μmstr, hpcnyFarinelli and Greene, 1996
Actinomycin DRNA synthesis inhibitor1–10 μmhpcnyMesner et al., 1992
CycloheximideProtein synthesis inhibitor1 nm–10 μmhpcny/nFurukawa et al., 1997
SNAPNitric oxide generator1–100 μmctx, hpc, strnyFarinelli et al., 1996a
DETA-NONitric oxide generator1–100 μmctx, hpc, strnyFarinelli et al., 1996a
l-NAMEGeneral NOS inhibitor10 μm–10 mmhpcnnDawson et al., 1991
7-NitroindazoleNeuronal NOS inhibitor100 nm–200 μmhpcnnO’Neill et al., 1996
Kynurenic acidGlutamate receptor antagonist1 μm–10 mmhpcnZeevalk and Nicklas, 1989
MK-801NMDA receptor antagonist100 nm–10 μmhpcnnZeevalk and Nicklas, 1989
InsulinComponent of complete SFM25 μg/mlhpcnydi Porzio et al., 1980
ProgesteroneComponent of complete SFM20 nmhpcn?di Porzio et al., 1980
PutrecineComponent of complete SFM60 μmhpcn?di Porzio et al., 1980
SeleniumComponent of complete SFM30 nmhpcn?di Porzio et al., 1980
TransferrinComponent of complete SFM0.01–1 mg/mlhpcyndi Porzio et al., 1980
Dipyridamoleallyn

  • 8-Br-cGMP, 8-Bromo-cGMP; cdk, cyclin-dependent kinase; ctx, cortex; DIDS, 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid; hpc, hippocampus; IBMX, 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine; n, no;l-NAME, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester; str, striatum; y, yes.

  • ↵F1-a Brain regions from which the neurons were cultured and tested for this report.

  • ↵F1-b Survival in MEM/F12 basal medium with indicated drug observed this study.

  • ↵F1-c Survival of trophic factor-deprived PC12 cells as observed or reported by our laboratory; ? indicates not tested by us in PC12 cells.

  • F1-d Deontes either action of drug or action on PC12 cells.