Table 5.

Fasting serum parameters, anthropometric measures, vascular parameters, physical activity, and mood of subjects before and after the intervention/control period

Parameter	Resveratrol			Placebo
Parameter	Pre	Post	p	Pre	Post	p
HbA1c, %^{^a}	5.83 ± 0.2	5.70 ± 0.2	0.007^{^e}	5.85 ± 0.3	5.88 ± 0.3	0.53^{^e}
Glucose (mg/dl)	90.7 ± 6	89.9 ± 8.1	0.56^{^e}	93.8 ± 8.3	93.5 ± 9.2	0.86^{^e}
Insulin (mU)	7.8 ± 3.4	9.8 ± 6.3	0.046^{^f}	9.2 ± 4.5	8.5 ± 3.4	0.47^{^f}
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	221.5 ± 33.1	231.4 ± 36.8	0.008^{^e}	223.4 ± 33.4	220.6 ± 36.4	0.53^{^e}
LDL-to-HDL ratio	2.5 ± 1.1	2.7 ± 1.5	0.06^{^e}	2.5 ± 0.6	2.5 ± 0.7	0.76^{^e}
Triacylglycerides (mg/dl)	103.8 ± 42.4	115 ± 53.5	0.18^{^e}	115.7 ± 44.7	110.0 ± 50.5	0.47^{^e}
Leptin (ng/ml)	9.4 ± 7.8	16.9 ± 12.5	0.001^{^f}	15.0 ± 12.7	10.9 ± 10.2	0.031^{^f}
BDNF (pg/ml)	4082 ± 1608	3994 ± 1231	0.82^{^e}	4062 ± 854	4140 ± 1100	0.65^{^f}
IGF-1 (ng/ml)	132.5 ± 34	134.4 ± 38	0.63^{^e}	140.3 ± 45	136.0 ± 36	0.52^{^e}
TNF-alpha (pg/ml)	10.3 ± 2.3	8.0 ± 1.8	<0.001^{^e}	15.7 ± 15.3	9.5 ± 2.1	0.006^{^f}
Interleukin 6 (pg/ml)	2.9 ± 1.2	2.0 ± 0.2	0.002^{^f}	7.9 ± 19.8	4.0 ± 8.9	0.021^{^f}
hsCRP (pg/ml)	1.3 ± 1.3	1.5 ± 1.4	0.18^{^f}	2.7 ± 3.2	6.2 ± 19.3	0.86^{^f}
Body fat (%)^{^a}	30 ± 7.6	28.8 ± 7.6	0.082^{^e}	30.0 ± 8.0	30.9 ± 7.2	0.20^{^f}
Weight, kg	81.8 ± 9.8	81.3 ± 10	0.16^{^e}	83 ± 7.7	83 ± 7.6	0.98^{^e}
Body mass index, kg/m²	27.4 ± 1.9	27.2 ± 1.9	0.15^{^f}	27.7 ± 1.6	27.7 ± 1.6	0.86^{^e}
CIMT left (μm)^{^b}	672.3 ± 136	681.8 ± 110	0.80^{^e}	654.3 ± 115	658.2 ± 124	0.27^{^e}
CIMT right (μm)^{^c}	632.5 ± 103	663.0 ± 99	0.34^{^e}	651.5 ± 122	645.2 ± 106	0.06^{^e}
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)^{^d}	141.2 ± 18	135.3 ± 15	0.17^{^e}	139.3 ± 16	139 ± 15	0.94^{^e}
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)^{^d}	92.7 ± 9	87.5 ± 11	0.036^{^e}	88.0 ± 11	86.6 ± 12	0.60^{^e}
Physical activity (kcal/week²)	5646 ± 2829	5797 ± 1089	0.86^{^e}	4946 ± 3850	5086 ± 4670	0.52^{^f}
Positive PANAS score^{^d}	34.1 ± 6.0	32.0 ± 5.7	0.13^{^e}	32.2 ± 6.5	31.4 ± 7.2	0.29^{^e}
Negative PANAS score^{^d}	10.8 ± 1.5	11.2 ± 1.7	0.50^{^f}	12.4 ± 3.2	11.8 ± 2.2	0.18^{^f}

Significant changes are indicated by bolding the number. Data are given as mean ± SD.
↵^aTwo subjects.
↵^bThree subjects.
↵^cFour subjects.
↵^dOne subject excluded due to missing values.
↵^ePaired t test.
↵^fWilcoxon signed-rank test.