ANOVA results for the MRI-based morphology of AC
| MTP | LPs (n = 50; 29 males, 21 females) | HPs (n = 52; 20 males, 32 females) | AD(H)D (n = 21; all males) | Significance of MTP | Significance of group | Post hoc comparisons for group | Significance of group for boys only | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HG (R) volume (mm3) | 1 2 | 3685 ± 156 3692 ± 152 | 5173 ± 153 5188 ± 149 | 3727 ± 241 3726 ± 234 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 28.2; p = 8.9 × 10−11; partial η2 = 0.32 | LP versus HP, p = 1.3 × 10−9; LP versus AD(H)D, n.s.; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 4.8 × 10−6 | F(2,67) = 11.3; p = 6.1 × 10−5; partial η2 = 0.25 |
| HG (L) volume (mm3) | 1 2 | 4193 ± 190 4193 ± 193 | 5377 ± 186 5409 ± 190 | 3998 ± 293 3937 ± 298 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 13.5; p = 5 × 10−6; partial η2 = 0.18 | LP versus HP, p = 1.2 × 10−4; LP versus AD(H)D, n.s.; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 5.3 × 10−5 | F(2,67) = 9.2; p = 2.9 × 10−4; partial η2 = 0.22 |
| PT (R) volume (mm3) | 1 2 | 3453 ± 181 3488 ± 171 | 2203 ± 177 2163 ± 168 | 4359 ± 279 4344 ± 265 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 27.3; p = 2 × 10−10; partial η2 = 0.31 | LP versus HP, p = 4 × 10−6; LP versus AD(H)D, p= 0.026; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 3.5 × 10−9 | F(2,67) = 8.8; p = 4.1 × 10−4; partial η2 = 0.21 |
| PT (L) volume (mm3) | 1 2 | 4188 ± 221 4207 ± 213 | 3475 ± 216 3429 ± 209 | 6304 ± 341 6445 ± 398 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 27.5; p = 2 × 10−10; partial η2= 0.31 | LP versus HP, n.s.; LP versus AD(H)D, p = 1.5 × 10−6; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 1.6 × 10−10 | F(2,67) = 10.5; p = 1 × 10−4; partial η2= 0.24 |
| HG/PT (R) | 1 2 | 1.40 ± 0.18 1.37 ± 0.18 | 3.00 ± 1.18 3.00 ± 1.18 | 0.98 ± 0.28 0.96 ± 0.28 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 30; p = 2.8 × 10−11; partial η2= 0.33 | LP versus HP, p = 7.6 × 10−8; LP versus AD(H)D, n.s.; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 5.3 × 10−11 | F(2,67) = 14.6; p = 5.5 × 10−6; partial η2= 0.3 |
| HG/PT (L) | 1 2 | 1.15 ± 0.15 1.13 ± 0.15 | 2.05 ± 0.15 2.05 ± 0.15 | 0.68 ± 0.23 0.62 ± 0.23 | n.s. | F(2,120) = 16.9; p = 3.3 × 10−7; partial η2 = 0.22 | LP versus HP, p = 3.3 × 10−4; LP versus AD(H)D, p = 2.4 × 10−5; HP versus AD(H)D, p = 2.4 × 10−5 | F(2,67) = 7.5; p = 0.001; partial η2 = 0.18 |
ANOVA group comparisons for MRI-based gray matter volumes of HG, PT, and HG/PT ratio in the right (R) and left (L) hemisphere for both MTPs. Morphometric values: mean ± SEM (cubic millimeters). To test whether the unequal gender distributions in the three groups [all AD(H)D children were male] may be responsible for some of the observed effects, the right column shows the corresponding results for boys only.