Table 1.

Participant characteristics

NC (n = 40)BDC (n = 6)Insula (n = 7)vmPFC (n = 6)
Age (years)*48 ± 1242 ± 1142 ± 854 ± 13
Sex21 f/19 m2 f/4 m4 f/3 m3 f/3 m
Handedness39 R/1 L6 R/0 L7 R/0 L6 R/1 L
Education (years)11 ± 212 ± 313 ± 39 ± 3
MMSE29 ± 228 ± 228 ± 226 ± 3
BDI3 ± 43 ± 42 ± 14 ± 4
Chronicity (months)22 ± 1318 ± 2115 ± 2
Lesion laterality3 L/3 R4 L/3 R3 L/2 R/1 B
Lesion size (ml)42 ± 2032 ± 13112 ± 44
  • L, Left; R, right; B, bilateral; f, female; m, male. MMSE, Mini-Mental Status Exam (Folstein et al., 1975). BDI, Beck Depression Inventory (Knight, 1984). Data are represented as mean ± SD.

  • * The age at the testing date.

  • † The time length between surgery date and testing date.