Table 1.

Characterization of adolescents who gained body fat (n = 34), showed stable body fat (n = 12), or lost body fat (n = 14)

Gain in body fat (n = 34)Stable body fat (n = 12)Loss of body fat (n = 14)F(2,57)p
Males44.1%58.3%28.6%1.160.32
Obesity risk76.5%58.3%92.9%2.200.12
Baseline (mean ± SD)
    Age15.3 ± 1.115.4 ± 1.214.9 ± 0.51.150.32
    Parental education4.4 ± 1.04.3 ± 1.03.8 ± 1.31.780.18
    Body fat percentage19.8 ± 6.817.4 ± 9.222.8 ± 5.41.880.16
    Body mass index22.0 ± 1.520.6 ± 1.920.3 ± 1.42.740.07
    Hunger7.1 ± 4.110.0 ± 4.66.8 ± 4.32.260.11
    Pleasantness milkshake14.7 ± 1.915.3 ± 2.113.4 ± 3.32.400.10
    Wanting milkshake13.9 ± 2.413.6 ± 2.812.8 ± 2.81.000.37
    Familiarity milkshake16.0 ± 3.013.2 ± 3.715.0 ± 4.02.980.06
    Food reinforcement2.3 ± 0.52.1 ± 0.32.4 ± 0.61.780.18
    Monetary reinforcement2.9 ± 0.72.4 ± 0.62.8 ± 0.62.840.07
Follow-up (mean ± SD)
    Age17.8 ± 1.417.7 ± 1.317.1 ± 0.71.800.18
    Follow-up scan (months from baseline)28.6 ± 5.927.0 ± 5.427.4 ± 5.60.430.66
    Body fat percentage26.6 ± 9.817.6 ± 9.517.5 ± 6.77.230.00
    Body mass index24.6 ± 4.021.5 ± 2.120.5 ± 1.59.230.00
    Hunger10.1 ± 3.810.0 ± 2.911.1 ± 3.70.450.64
    Pleasantness milkshake15.6 ± 2.015.4 ± 1.214.1 ± 2.53.070.04
    Wanting milkshake15.6 ± 2.515.3 ± 2.212.6 ± 2.87.10.00
    Familiarity milkshake16.6 ± 3.914.6 ± 4.316.3 ± 3.41.130.33
    Food reinforcement2.1 ± 0.42.0 ± 0.32.1 ± 0.40.660.52
    Monetary reinforcement2.4 ± 0.52.3 ± 0.42.4 ± 0.40.570.57