Table 1.

Clinical details of patientsa

Patient no.Age (yr)GenderMRIMedicationsPossible location of epileptogenic zoneb
Adults
    119FemaleNo lesionCarbamazepine; levetiracetamR frontoparietal
    230MaleNo lesionLamotrigine; levetiracetamR frontoparietal
    319MaleNo lesionPrimidone; sulthiame; valproate; clobazamL > R frontal
    429MaleSuspected FCD: L insular and temporalOxcarbazepine; valproate; levetiracetam; clobazamL frontal
    531MaleSuspected FCD: L occipitalClobazam; gabapentin; carbamazepine; oxcarbazepineL frontotemporal
    620MaleA lesion in the left cingulatePhenobarbital; levetiracetam; phenytoinL frontotemporal
    718MaleNo lesionOxcarbazepineR frontal, temporal, and parietal
    818FemaleFindings of unknown originsValproate; carbamazepineR < L frontal, temporal and parietal
    936FemaleNo lesionNo informationR parietal
    1027FemaleBilateral perisylvian polymicrogyriaClobazam; topiramate; valproate; oxcarbazepineR frontotemporal > parietal
    1129MaleNo lesionLamotrigine; valproateL frontal
    1223FemaleNo lesionCarbamazepine; clonazepam; levetiracetamR > L frontotemporal
Children
    137FemaleNo lesionDiazepamR frontoparietal
    149.5FemaleSuspected hydrocephalusValproate; clobazam; zonisamideR temporal, parietal, and insula
    158.5MaleFCD: R frontal and bilateral cingulate, preventricular heterotopia of gray matterLevetiracetam; primidoneR frontal
    1614MaleNo lesionLevetiracetam; ethosuximideMEG sources diffuse throughout hemisphere R > L (possibly primary generalized seizures)
    1711FemaleSuspected R MTSCarbamazepineL frontal > temporal
    1812.5MaleSuspected FCD: R frontalCarbamazepine; levetiracetamR frontal
    195FemaleNo lesionLevetiracetam; oxcarbazepineL frontal
    205.5FemaleNo lesionNo informationR frontoinsular > parietal
  • a FCD, Focal cortical dysplasia; MTS, mesial temporal sclerosis.

  • b Location of epileptogenic zone was estimated by a combination of imaging modalities, including video-EEG, MEG, and PET.