Identity MMN peak latencies (ms) and mean amplitudes (μV, ±SEM) at FCz
| Latency | Amplitude | t | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TMS over right speech motor cortex | ||||
| Non-tonal language speakers, n = 15 | ||||
| 'ba1' | 191.9 | −1.37 (0.49) | 2.81 | <0.05 |
| 'da4' | 192.3 | −6.01 (0.42) | 14.25 | <0.001 |
| Tonal language speakers, n = 16 | ||||
| 'ba1' | 201.4 | −2.29 (0.49) | 4.69 | <0.001 |
| 'da4' | 183.4 | −7.50 (0.69) | 10.82 | <0.001 |
| TMS over left speech motor cortex | ||||
| Non-tonal language speakers, n = 15 | ||||
| 'ba1' | 210.4 | −2.20 (0.30) | 7.41 | <0.001 |
| 'da4' | 188.8 | −7.24 (0.71) | 10.21 | <0.001 |
| Tonal language speakers, n = 16 | ||||
| 'ba1' | 204.6 | −2.64 (0.41) | 6.34 | <0.001 |
| 'da4' | 193.3 | −7.62 (0.68) | 11.28 | <0.001 |
The identity MMN responses were calculated by subtracting ERPs evoked by the stimuli presented frequently (probability = 1.0) in the control sequence from those evoked by identical sounds presented infrequently (probability = 0.1) in the oddball sequence (with no TMS). Mean amplitudes were calculated by averaging the responses across a 40-ms window centered at this peak latency and were compared with zero using two-tailed t tests.