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Cell Cycle in Development pp 565–576Cite as

Cell Cycle Deregulation in the Neurons of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS))

Abstract

The cell cycle consists of four main phases: G1, S, G2, and M. Most cells undergo these cycles up to 40–60 times in their life. However, neurons remain in a nondividing, nonreplicating phase, G0. Neurons initiate but do not complete cell division, eventually entering apoptosis. Research has suggested that like cancer, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves dysfunction in neuronal cell cycle reentry, leading to the development of the two-hit hypothesis of AD. The first hit is abnormal cell cycle reentry, which typically results in neuronal apoptosis and prevention of AD. However, with the second hit of chronic oxidative damage preventing apoptosis, neurons gain “immortality” analogous to tumor cells. Once both of these hits are activated, AD can develop and produce senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles throughout brain tissue. In this review, we propose a mechanism for neuronal cell cycle reentry and the development of AD.

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Acknowledgments

Work in the authors’ laboratories is supported by the National Institutes of Health (AG031364 and AG028679 to MAS). JZK was supported by grants from ARC and LCC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Calvin Moh, Xiongwei Zhu, Mark A. Smith & Hyoung-gon Lee

  2. CNRS UMR 6061, Institute of Genetics and Development, Cell Cycle Group, University of Rennes 1, IFR 140 GFAS, Rennes, France

    Jacek Z. Kubiak

  3. Institute of Biomedical Research, Galenika a.d, Belgrade, Serbia

    Vladan P. Bajic

Authors
  1. Calvin Moh
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  2. Jacek Z. Kubiak
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  3. Vladan P. Bajic
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  4. Xiongwei Zhu
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  5. Mark A. Smith
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  6. Hyoung-gon Lee
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hyoung-gon Lee .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CNRS UMR 6061, Fac. Médecine, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes CX, 35043, France

    Jacek Z. Kubiak

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Moh, C., Kubiak, J.Z., Bajic, V.P., Zhu, X., Smith, M.A., Lee, Hg. (2011). Cell Cycle Deregulation in the Neurons of Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Kubiak, J. (eds) Cell Cycle in Development. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19065-0_23

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