Elsevier

Brain Research

Volume 90, Issue 1, 6 June 1975, Pages 147-152
Brain Research

Response properties of eye movement-related neurons in the monkey superior colliculus

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    In the intermediate and deep layers there are cells with activity related to saccades. They are similar to pontine long-lead burst neurons in that they begin discharging in an irregular preamble about 100–150 ms before a saccade and then, usually, burst more intensely (800–1000 spikes/s) just before (20–50 ms) and during the saccade (Schiller and Koerner, 1971; Wurtz and Goldberg, 1972; Sparks, 1975; see Wurtz and Albano, 1980, for a review). An example of a movement field of such a cell is shown in Fig. 2.

  • Three-Dimensional Representation of Motor Space in the Mouse Superior Colliculus

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    The neural mechanisms involved in the decoding of such displacement vectors have been prominently characterized in primates and cats [7–9]. In particular, work on the role of the superior colliculus (SC) in the control of saccades [10–12] and gaze shifts (combined head and eye movements) [13–16] has been instrumental for our understanding of the neural coding strategies underlying spatially tuned movements. However, the use of these less genetically amenable model systems has limited the functional dissection of the networks in the SC that are involved in guiding spatially tuned movements.

  • Shedding new light on the role of the basal ganglia-superior colliculus pathway in eye movements

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    Our current understanding of the role of the nigro-collicular pathway in gating saccades relies exclusively on the connections between the nigral neurons that show a transient pause in activity around the time of saccade onset and the temporally correlated activity of the saccade-related burst neuron in the colliculus (cf., Figure 2e,f and k,l). Burst neuron activity is characterized by a high frequency, transient increase in discharge associated with the onset and duration of saccades and, as indicated above, is thought to be the command signal for saccades [41–43]. However, like the nigra, recordings in the intermediate and deep layers of the monkey colliculus reveal a variety of neuronal response profiles in addition to the saccade-related burst.

  • Overview of anatomy and physiology of the ocular motor system

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    Inhibition of fixation neurons would also inactivate the OPNs, thereby allowing activation of burst neurons and saccade initiation. Build-up, or prelude, neurons in the intermediate and deep SC layers exhibit a low-level, tonic discharge when a visual stimulus becomes the target of a saccade, indicating the importance of their role in target selection and saccade amplitude and direction preparation (Wurtz and Goldberg, 1972; Sparks, 1975; Glimcher and Sparks, 1992; Munoz and Wurtz, 1995; Carello and Krauzlis, 2004; McPeek and Keller, 2004; Muller et al., 2005). The discharge ascends, and when the discharge reaches the rostral pole, the saccade ends.

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This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Research Grant EY-01189 of the Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health.

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I thank D. Holland, B. Guthrie and S. Watson for technical assistance during the experiments.

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