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Long-Distance Descending Spinal Neurons Ensure Quadrupedal Locomotor Stability
2016, NeuronCitation Excerpt :Together, our findings reveal that cervical and lumbar spinal segments are bidirectionally coupled by distinct neuronal subpopulations identified by NT identity and projection laterality. We focused our subsequent analyses mostly on the elucidation of identity and function of cervico-lumbar projection neurons, due to their predicted involvement in transmitting supraspinal commands to lumbar circuits (Alstermark et al., 1987b; Mitchell et al., 2016). To map the precise location of cervico-lumbar projection neurons and their cellular identity, we carried out retrograde tracing experiments from the lumbar spinal cord.
Schwann cell transplantation and descending propriospinal regeneration after spinal cord injury
2015, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :The laPST system was found to play an important role in locomotion by coupling neural activity in cervical and lumbar enlargements (Cote et al., 2012; Miller et al., 1973). Propriospinal neurons receive strong and convergent supraspinal innervations including those from the corticospinal (CST), rubrospinal (RST), reticulospinal (ReST) and vestibulospinal (VST) tracts (Alstermark et al., 1987, 1991b; Illert et al., 1977; Kostyuk and Vasilenko, 1978; Nishimura et al., 2009; Robbins et al., 1992; Skinner et al., 1979). Such signal relay has significance in transporting supraspinal command down to the spinal cord not only in normal physiological but also in pathological conditions (Fig. 1).
Ascending and descending propriospinal pathways between lumbar and cervical segments in the rat: Evidence for a substantial ascending excitatory pathway
2013, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :The principal findings of the present study are summarised in Fig. 11. The most complete electrophysiological studies of long-descending PSNs were performed by Alstermark et al. (1987a,b,c) who studied PSNs in the C3–C5 segments of cats. These cells have highly convergent inputs from a variety of motor control systems; some have convergent input from the lateral and medial vestibulospinal tracts along with neck and forelimb proprioceptors whereas others have input principally from the corticospinal tract.
Neural coupling between the upper and lower limbs in humans
2007, Neuroscience LettersSpinal Interneurons: Diversity and Connectivity in Motor Control
2023, Annual Review of Neuroscience
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Present address: Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Pennsylvania at EPPI, 3200 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19129, U.S.A.
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Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan