Pathology of chronic myelopathy associated with HTLV-I infection (HAM/TSP)
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Cited by (215)
Pilates exercise improves the clinical and immunological profiles of patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 associated myelopathy: A pilot study
2020, Journal of Bodywork and Movement TherapiesCitation Excerpt :HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis is a neurological syndrome associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), characterized by chronic inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS), mainly the lower thoracic spinal cord (Gessain and Gout, 1992; Iwasaki, 1990; Bangham, 2018).
Retroviral envelope proteins: Involvement in neuropathogenesis
2017, Journal of the Neurological SciencesCitation Excerpt :TSP/HAM manifests as a chronic myelopathy with a progressive course in many ways similar to primary progressive multiple sclerosis. It is characterised by inflammatory infiltrates in the spinal cord with neuroaxonal degeneration and demyelination [155]. The factors involved in the pathogenesis compounds host genotype, environmental, and viral factors, the initial route of infection, the target cells and/or the primary immune response, as well as immune mechanisms such as molecular mimicry [8,15,152,153,156–158].
Factors associated with pain in individuals infected by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)
2017, Brazilian Journal of Infectious DiseasesCitation Excerpt :This group usually has a higher pro-viral load and increased cytokines expression that indicates an inflammatory process.29,30 The inflammation mainly affects the thoracic spinal cord segment31 and leads to weakness in the lower limbs (paraparesis) accompanied by hyperreflexia and Babinski signal.7,10,12 The worsening of neurological symptoms cause muscle impairment, postural and joint instability18,21,32 that are potential sources of pain and also lead to adjacent tissue injury, such as joint capsules and ligaments, muscles and peripheral nerves.
Neuropathology of viral infections
2014, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :The inflammation of the spinal white matter is bilateral and diffuse but most severe in the lateral aspects of the cord, including the lateral corticospinal tracts (Iwasaki, 1990; Izumo, 2010). The spinal gray matter is also affected by inflammation, but tissue damage, evident as loss of myelinated axons, is seen preferentially in the white matter (Fig. 8.12A and B) (Iwasaki, 1990). The anterior horns are relatively spared from inflammatory lesions (Izumo, 2010).
Infectious Myelopathies
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