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2020, Neurobiology of DiseaseCitation Excerpt :The neurological deficits after SCI are attributable to the extent and location of the primary mechanical insult and a secondary degenerative response. Secondary axonal degeneration occurs after the primary injury as spared axons and other white matter elements (myelin and oligodendrocytes) breakdown causing the initial lesion site to expand (Blight and Decrescito, 1986; Tator and Fehlings, 1991; Sun et al., 2010; Mietto et al., 2015). Damaged axons often form large, swollen endings (Ramon y Cajal S, 1928; Li and Raisman, 1995; Davies et al., 1999) called endbulbs that contain groupings of destabilized microtubules, membranes, and organelles (Bresnahan, 1978; Tom et al., 2004; Erturk et al., 2007).
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