Archival ReportGranular Insular Cortex Inactivation as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Nicotine Addiction
Section snippets
Animals
Male Long Evans rats (Charles River, Lachine, Quebec, Canada) experimentally naive at the start of the study and initially weighing 250–275 g were used for all experiments. All rats were individually housed in a temperature-controlled environment on a 12-hour reverse light/dark cycle (lights off from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm). Before any experimental manipulation, animals were given a minimum of 7 days to habituate to the colony room, during which they were weighed, handled, and received unlimited
Effect of GI Inactivation on Nicotine and Food SA Under the FR Schedule
The t test performed on the number of nicotine injections showed a significant effect of treatment [t(6) = 2.74, p < .05], indicating that the infusion of the Bac/Mus mix into the GI significantly reduced nicotine SA compared with vehicle administration in the GI (Figure 1A). The mean (± SEM) active lever presses after vehicle and Bac/Mus mix infusion were 143 ± 18 and 85 ± 22, respectively.
The t test performed on the number of food pellets indicated no significant effect of treatment [t(8) =
Discussion
We demonstrated in this study that reversible inactivation of the GI (by local infusion of a Bac/Mus mix) decreases nicotine SA under both FR and PR schedules of reinforcement and prevents the reinstatement of nicotine seeking induced by nicotine priming or nicotine-associated cue, without altering food SA or reinstatement of food seeking.
These findings are in line with the fact that human smokers with damage of the insula report a disruption of their addiction to tobacco but no modification in
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