Neuron
Volume 79, Issue 2, 24 July 2013, Pages 347-360
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Article
Differential Innervation of Direct- and Indirect-Pathway Striatal Projection Neurons

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2013.05.014Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Sensory cortical and limbic structures preferentially target direct-pathway neurons

  • Motor cortex preferentially innervates indirect-pathway neurons

  • Inputs from thalamus, substantia nigra, and specific cortical layers was similar

  • Only a small proportion of dopaminergic input was transsynaptically labeled

Summary

The striatum integrates information from multiple brain regions to shape motor learning. The two major projection cell types in striatum target different downstream basal ganglia targets and have opposing effects on motivated behavior, yet differential innervation of these neuronal subtypes is not well understood. To examine whether input specificity provides a substrate for information segregation in these circuits, we used a monosynaptic rabies virus system to generate brain-wide maps of neurons that form synapses with direct- or indirect-pathway striatal projection neurons. We discovered that sensory cortical and limbic structures preferentially innervated the direct pathway, whereas motor cortex preferentially targeted the indirect pathway. Thalamostriatal input, dopaminergic input, as well as input from specific cortical layers, was similar onto both pathways. We also confirm synaptic innervation of striatal projection neurons by the raphe and pedunculopontine nuclei. Together, these findings provide a framework for guiding future studies of basal ganglia circuit function.

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