Cellular NeuroscienceResearch PaperSyntaxin 3B is essential for the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles in ribbon synapses of the retina
Section snippets
Animals
Goldfish (Carassius auratus) (7–14 cm length) were maintained on 12 h light/dark cyclic lighting. Goldfish were killed by decapitation and pithing. Tissue for frozen sections for immunohistochemical studies were obtained from light adapted goldfish at the time of euthanasia. For all other experiments tissue was obtained from goldfish that were dark adapted for 20 min before euthanasia. All animal procedures conformed to National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines and were approved by the
Molecular characterization of syntaxin 3B in the goldfish
As a first step towards assessing the functional roles of SNARE proteins at a retinal ribbon synapse, we have characterized the sequences of syntaxin 3B from zebrafish (Danio rerio) and goldfish (Carassius auratus). The EST database from zebrafish was screened using the program tblastn (NCBI) with the mouse syntaxin 3B sequence. One EST clone derived from a retina cDNA library which contained a sequence homologous to syntaxin 3B (IMAGE clone: 4786252) was identified and completely sequenced.
Syntaxin 3 is an evolutionary conserved gene
The analysis of the syntaxin 3 gene in goldfish revealed the same intron/exon structure as in the mouse. In mouse and goldfish, two major forms, syntaxin 3A and 3B are generated by differential splicing. The expression pattern is also comparable between fish and mice, with syntaxin 3B being the major form expressed in the retina and syntaxin 3A being mainly expressed in non-neuronal tissues such as kidney. In the mammalian system, syntaxin 3A has been shown to be involved in the trafficking of
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by NIHEY016452 (R.J.), by NIHEY012128 (R.H.) and by core and equipment grants NIHEY010608 and NIHRR022531. Leigh Curtis was supported by NIH training grants T32 NS007467 and T32 EY007024. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
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2020, Biophysical JournalCitation Excerpt :In many secretory cells, vesicle-vesicle fusion involves syntaxin 3 (24,27,38). Similarly, retinal ribbon synapses of bipolar and photoreceptor cells use syntaxin 3B rather than the syntaxin 1 isoform used by most neurons (39,40). Although syntaxin is principally expressed on target membranes, it can also be found on vesicular membranes (41–43), including those of ribbon synapses (44).
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These authors contributed equally to the paper.