Abstract
Chronic experiments on five cats were performed to study the spike activity of neurons in the oral nucleus of the pons during waking, slow-wave sleep, and paradoxical sleep. Groups of neurons with different dynamics of spike frequency were identified. Cells with rare discharges during waking and slow-wave sleep and maximum spike frequencies in the phasic stage of paradoxical sleep were regarded as PS-on neurons. Cells discharging at maximum frequency during waking, with decreases in frequency during slow-wave sleep and further decreases in paradoxical sleep, were regarded as PS-off neurons. Cells showing decreases in discharge frequency on the transition from waking to slow-wave sleep and increases in discharge frequency in paradoxical sleep, with grouped spikes during oculomotor activity, appeared to be responsible for generating the phasic phenomena of paradoxical sleep. The question of the involvement of neurons of different populations in the mechanisms of paradoxical sleep is discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
N. V. Suntsova and O. Yu. Dergacheva, “Forebrain mechanisms regulating paradoxical sleep,” in: Questions in Neurocybernetics. Proceedings of the XII International Conference, Rostov-on-Don (1999), p. 52.
N. V. Suntsova, O. Yu. Dergacheva, and A. A. Burikov, “The role of the posterior part of the hypothalamus in controlling the paradoxical stage of sleep,” Ros. Fiziol. Zh. im. I. M. Sechenova, 84,No. 11, 1165–1173 (1998).
J. Arpa, A. Rodriguez-Albarino, E. Izal, J. Sarria, M. Lara, and P. Barreiro, “Hypersomnia after tegmental pontine hematoma: case report,” Neurologia, 10, 140–144 (1995).
N. P. Bougrin, A. Ahnaov, A. M. Laporte, M. Hamon, and J. Adrien, “Rapid eye movement sleep induction by vasoactive intestinal peptide infused into the oral pontine tegmentum of the rat may involve muscarinic receptors,” Neurosci., 89,No. 1, 291–302 (1999).
P. Bougrin, P. Escourrou, C. Gaultier, and J. Adrien, “Induction of rapid eye movement sleep by carbachol infusion into the pontine reticular formation of the rat,” NeuroReport, 6, 532–536 (1995).
P. Feng, G. G. Kinney, and G. W. Vogel, “Brainstem carbachol injections in the urethane anesthetized rat produce hippocampal theta rhythm and cortical desynchronization: a comparison of pedunculopontine tegmental versus nucleus pontis oralis injection,” Neurosci. Res., 33,No. 3, 163 (1999).
M. Gardzon, I. De Andres, and F. Reinoso-Sauares, “Sleep patterns after carbachol delivery in the ventral oral pontine tegmentum of the cat,” Neurosci., 83,No. 4, 1137–1144 (1998).
J. A. Hobson, R. Ludic, and N. A. Baghdovan, “Evolving concept of sleep cycle generation: from brain centres to neuronal populations,” Behav. Brain Sci., 9, 371–448 (1986).
M. Jouvet, “Etude de la dualite des etats de sommeil et des mechanismes responsables de la phase paradoxale,” in: Aspects Anatomo-Fonctionnels de la Physiologie du Sommeil, M. Jouvet (ed.), Centre de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris (1965), pp. 493–542.
Yo. Koyama, Yu. Koyama, and K. Sakai, “Different physiological properties of two populations of PS-on neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum,” in: Rapid Eye Movement Sleep, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi (1999), pp. 221–232.
B. Mallick, S. Kaur, and R. Saxena, “Interaction between cholinergic and GABAergic neurotransmitters in and around locus coeruleus in the induction and maintenance of rapid eye movement sleep in rats,” Neurosci., 104,No. 2, 467–485 (2001).
G. Marks and C. Birabil, “Enhancement of rapid eye movement sleep in the rat by cholinergic and adenosinergic agonist infused into the pontine reticular formation,” Neurosci., 86,No. 1, 29–37 (1998).
G. A. Marks, C. G. Birabil, and N. Oppenheimer-Marks, “Cholinergic and adenosinergic agonists infused into the medial pontine reticular formation of rats enhances REM sleep,” Sleep Res., 26, 28 (1997).
A. Rechtschaffen and J. Siegel, “Sleep and dreaming,” in: Principles of Neuroscience, McGraw-Hill, New York (2000), pp. 936–947.
F. Reinoso-Suarez, Topographischer Hirnatlas der Katze, E. Merck, Darmstadt (1961).
M. M. Thakkar, R. E. Strecker, and R. W. McCarley, “The 5-HT 1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT inhibits REM-on neurons but has no effect on waking and REM-on neurons: a combined microdialysis and unit recording study,” Sleep Res., 26, 52 (1997).
R. Ursin and M. Sterman, A Manual for Recording and Scoring of Sleep Stages in the Cat, Brain Inf. Service, Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles (1981).
M.-C. Xi, F. Morales, and H. Chase, “A GABAergic pontine reticular system is involved in the control of wakefulness and sleep,” Sleep Res., 2, 43–48 (1999).
K. Yamamoto, A. N. Mamelak, J. J. Quattrochi, and J. A. Hobson, “A cholinoceptive desynchronized sleep induction zone in the anterodorsal pontine tegmentum: focus of sensitive region,” Neurosci., 82,No. 1, 279–293 (1990).
J. Yamuy, S. Sampogna, F. R. Morales, and M. N. Chase, “C-fos expression in pontine neurons that contain neurotrophin receptors during NGF and carbachol-induced active sleep,” Sleep Res., 26, 61 (1997).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dergacheva, O.Y., Khachikova, I.É. & Burikov, A.A. Dynamics of Neuron Spike Activity in the Oral Nucleus of the Pons During the Sleep-Waking Cycle in Cats. Neurosci Behav Physiol 34, 485–489 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:NEAB.0000022634.17261.aa
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:NEAB.0000022634.17261.aa