Cyclic GMP-dependent neurite outgrowth by genipin and nerve growth factor in PC12h cells

Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Mar 19;488(1-3):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.02.009.

Abstract

We have demonstrated previously that a natural iridoid compound, genipin, induced neuritogenesis through activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in PC12h cells. In this paper, we investigated whether cyclic GMP (cGMP) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) are involved in the neuritogenesis as a result of NOS activation. Furthermore, we also investigated the relationship between cGMP and MAPK activation in the signaling pathway. The genipin-induced neuritogenesis accompanied by induction of neurofilament was significantly inhibited by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) and KT5823, inhibitors of soluble guanylate cyclase and PKG, respectively. Genipin-induced MAPK phosphorylation was also abolished by ODQ. These inhibitory effects of ODQ were similar to those observed for nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth and MAPK phosphorylation. The membrane-permeable cGMP analog, 8-Bromo-cGMP, had prominent neuritogenic activity, which was completely inhibited by a MAPK kinase inhibitor, PD98059. These results suggest that the soluble guanylate cyclase-PKG signaling pathway is important for MAPK activation by genipin as well as NGF during neuritogenesis in PC12h cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cyclic GMP / physiology*
  • Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / physiology
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Guanylate Cyclase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Iridoid Glycosides
  • Iridoids
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Nerve Growth Factors / pharmacology*
  • Neurites / physiology*
  • Neurofilament Proteins / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / physiology
  • PC12 Cells
  • Phosphorylation
  • Pyrans / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • Iridoid Glycosides
  • Iridoids
  • Nerve Growth Factors
  • Neurofilament Proteins
  • Pyrans
  • Nitric Oxide
  • genipin
  • Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Guanylate Cyclase
  • Cyclic GMP