Spinal activation of the cAMP-PKA pathway induces respiratory motor recovery following high cervical spinal cord injury

Brain Res. 2008 Sep 26:1232:206-13. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.07.012. Epub 2008 Jul 12.

Abstract

The present study investigated the involvement of the adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A (cAMP-PKA) pathway in the activation of the crossed-phrenic pathways after left C2 spinal cord hemisection. Experiments were conducted on left C2 spinal cord hemisected, anesthetized, vagotomized, pancuronium paralyzed, and artificially ventilated male Sprague-Dawley rats. One week post-injury, the ipsilateral phrenic nerve exhibited no respiratory-related activity indicating a functionally complete hemisection. Intrathecal spinal cord administration of the cAMP analog, 8-Br-cAMP at the level of the phrenic nucleus resulted in an enhancement of contralateral phrenic nerve output and a restoration of respiratory-related activity in the phrenic nerve ipsilateral to the hemisection. Furthermore, pre-treatment with Rp-8-Br-cAMP, a PKA inhibitor, abolished the effects of 8-Br-cAMP. These results suggest that PKA activation is necessary for the cAMP-mediated respiratory recovery following high cervical spinal cord injury and that activation of intracellular signaling cascades may represent an important strategy for improving respiratory function after spinal cord injury.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apnea / chemically induced
  • Apnea / physiopathology
  • Carbon Dioxide / pharmacology
  • Cervical Vertebrae / injuries*
  • Cyclic AMP / analogs & derivatives
  • Cyclic AMP / pharmacology
  • Cyclic AMP / physiology*
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / physiology*
  • Data Interpretation, Statistical
  • Electrophysiology
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Functional Laterality / drug effects
  • Functional Laterality / physiology
  • Male
  • Phrenic Nerve / drug effects
  • Phrenic Nerve / physiopathology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Respiratory Physiological Phenomena*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Spinal Cord / physiopathology*
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / physiopathology*
  • Thionucleotides / pharmacology

Substances

  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Thionucleotides
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • adenosine-3',5'-cyclic phosphorothioate
  • Cyclic AMP
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases