In statistics and machine learning, model accuracy is traded off with complexity, which can
be viewed as the amount of information extracted from the data. Here, we discuss how …

In conditions of constant illumination, the eye pupil diameter indexes the modulation of
arousal state and responds to a large breadth of cognitive processes, including mental effort, …

The superior colliculus (SC) has long been known to be part of the network of brain areas
involved in spatial attention, but recent findings have dramatically refined our understanding of …

The perception of physical effort is relatively unaffected by the suppression of sensory
afferences, indicating that this function relies mostly on the processing of the central motor …

It has long been established that the pupil diameter increases during mental activities in
proportion to the difficulty of the task at hand. However, it is still unclear whether this relationship …

Adaptive behaviour entails the capacity to select actions as a function of their energy cost and
expected value and the disruption of this faculty is now viewed as a possible cause of the …

The ability to process relevant stimuli selectively is a fundamental function of the primate
visual system. The best-understood correlate of this function is the enhanced response of …

Pupil size under constant illumination reflects brain arousal state, and dilates in response to
novel information, or surprisal. Whether this response can be observed regardless of …

Mental fatigue (MF) is commonly observed following prolonged cognitive activity and can have
major repercussions on the daily life of patients as well as healthy individuals. Despite its …

Dopamine is known to be involved in regulating effort investment in relation to reward, and
the disruption of this mechanism is thought to be central in some pathological situations such …