Recent experiments in vivo and in vitro have advanced our understanding of the sites and
mechanisms involved in mammalian respiratory rhythm generation. Here we evaluate and …

Breathing is a well-described, vital and surprisingly complex behaviour, with behavioural and
physiological outputs that are easy to directly measure. Key neural elements for generating …

Breathing is an essential behavior that presents a unique opportunity to understand how the
nervous system functions normally, how it balances inherent robustness with a highly …

The breathing motor pattern in mammals originates in brainstem networks. Whether pacemaker
neurons play an obligatory role remains a key unanswered question. We performed …

We measured persistent Na + current and membrane properties of bursting-pacemaker and
nonbursting inspiratory neurons of the neonatal rat pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC) in …

We tested the hypothesis that pacemaker neurons generate breathing rhythm in mammals.
We monitored respiratory-related motor nerve rhythm in neonatal rodent slice preparations. …

Breathing is a vital rhythmic motor behavior with a surprisingly broad influence on the brain
and body. The apparent simplicity of breathing belies a complex neural control system, the …

Inspiratory neurons of the preBötzinger complex (preBötC) form local excitatory networks
and display 10–30 mV transient depolarizations, dubbed inspiratory drive potentials, with …

A subset of preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) and somatostatin
peptide (SST)-expressing neurons are necessary for breathing in adult rats, in vivo. Their …

Central pattern generators (CPGs) produce neural-motor rhythms that often depend on
specialized cellular or synaptic properties such as pacemaker neurons or alternating phases of …