Although the cause of neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD) is mainly unknown, growing
evidence suggests that both apoptotic and non-apoptotic death may occur in PD. Using …

Background To determine the prognostic factors for the incidence and the outcome of
seizure in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and to identify the time to …

Background To clarify the risk factors associated with perioperative ischemic complications
in adult-onset moyamoya disease. Material and methods The incidence and causes of …

Background: Both basal collaterals (BC) and cortical microvascularization (CM) on angiography
have been suggested as moyamoya disease (MMD)-specific findings; however, it is …

We investigated surgical results based on craniotomy sidedness in patients with superiorly
projecting anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms to evaluate decision-making on …

OBJECTIVE As life expectancy continues to increase, primary degenerative sagittal
imbalance (PDSI) is diagnosed in an increasing number of elderly people. Although corrective …

In this study, we compared the paramedian interfascial approach (PIA) and the traditional
midline approach (MA) for lumbar fusion to determine which approach resulted in the least …

BACKGROUND: Pneumococcal resistance became a global issue during the past decades.
Korea is reported to be the hottest spot in the world with regard to the prevalence of …

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the potential of tumor 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose
(FDG) avidity as a preoperative imaging biomarker for the prediction of microvascular …

Rationale: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to cause tumor recurrence and drug resistance.
The heat shock protein (HSP) system plays a major role in preserving expression and …