The first chordates appear in the fossil record at the time of the Cambrian explosion, nearly
550 million years ago. The modern ascidian tadpole represents a plausible approximation to …

The synaptic connections within the lamina, the first of the optic neuropiles underlying the
insect's compound eye, have been little studied in Drosophila melanogaster until now, despite …

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize
new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction of the brain of the fruit fly …

Animal behaviour arises from computations in neuronal circuits, but our understanding of
these computations has been frustrated by the lack of detailed synaptic connection maps, or …

A protein required to localize mitochondria to Drosophila nerve terminals has been identified
genetically. Photoreceptors mutant for milton show aberrant synaptic transmission despite …

We have identified mutations in Drosophila endophilin to study its function in vivo. Endophilin
is required presynaptically at the neuromuscular junction, and absence of Endophilin …

The calyx neuropil of the mushroom body in adult Drosophila melanogaster contains three
major neuronal elements: extrinsic projection neurons, presumed cholinergic, …

Drosophila vision is mediated by inputs from three types of photoreceptor neurons; R1–R6
mediate achromatic motion detection, while R7 and R8 constitute two chromatic channels. …

We reconstructed the synaptic circuits of seven columns in the second neuropil or medulla
behind the fly’s compound eye. These neurons embody some of the most stereotyped circuits …

10.7554/eLife.16962.001 Left-right asymmetries in brains are usually minor or cryptic. We
report brain asymmetries in the tiny, dorsal tubular nervous system of the ascidian tadpole …